William Randolph Hearst, not known to have been an iceboater himself, in 1904 sponsored the gold-lined Hearst Cup, awarded to the fastest stern steerer.

FORBES: Magazine Article

Soon after Deuce was built, the stern steerer era ended.

FORBES: Magazine Article

Deuce is a stern steerer, so called because the vehicle is steered via a single pivoting skate fixed to the back end of a long central spine analogous to a boat's hull.

FORBES: Magazine Article