Sulphate-based geoengineering would certainly slow down its recovery, but would not send it into reverse.
They showed many similarities, he said, including the spherules, calcium sulphate veins and fine-grained structure.
One of the most commonly used drugs in the UK to treat narcolepsy is dexamphetamine sulphate, or Dexedrine.
The rocks contain very fine-grained sediments but are cut through with pale veins of what could be calcium sulphate.
Volcanoes have massive impacts on the stratospheric load of these tiny sulphate particles.
Dr. SPIESEL: Well, that supplement is a mixture of two things, one is called glucosamine, one is called chondroitin sulphate.
Ozone-destroying reactions happen faster on surfaces, such as those provided by sulphate particles, than they do in the open air.
One reason for rejecting sulphate hazing out of hand might be the damage it could do to the ozone layer.
The John Klein slabs contain very fine-grained sediments but are cut through with pale veins of what could be calcium sulphate.
Copper sulphate, for instance, known as Bordeaux mixture, was invented in the 19th century for vineyards, and widely used until 1930.
For the sulphate-injection method to remain effective they would need to be replenished constantly for centuries longer than the lifetime of most countries.
Dr Madeleine Devey, scientific secretary of the Arthritis Research Campaign, said many people with osteoarthritis had been taking glucosamine sulphate for many years.
Chemical reactions on the volcanic sulphate particles blasted into the stratosphere by the eruption accelerated ozone depletion over the southern hemisphere by about 3%.
And dumping nutrients such as iron into the sea would be only one-sixth as effective as either sulphate injection or promoting the formation of clouds.
Sulphate particles, meanwhile, survive only a few years in the atmosphere.
Remember those chemistry lessons spent sticking electrodes into copper sulphate solution?
It is therefore likely that the addition of sulphate to the stratosphere would result in a loss of ozone, and thus in more ultraviolet radiation getting through.
In the Middle Ages it was discovered to be a rich source of aluminium sulphate - a crucial raw material used as a fixing agent in dyeing cloth.
Another issue is that a second type of pollutant, aerosols such as the minute sulphate particles that form when sulphurous fuel is burned, promote the formation of clouds.
Another, which would oppose warming, is a rise in the quantity of sulphate-based aerosols, which encourage cloud formation and thus cool the air by reflecting sunlight back into space.
At most, he reckons, the sulphate-injection approach could counteract half of the warming the world is expected to suffer over the next 100 years if carbon-dioxide emissions continue to rise unchecked.
The lutetium oxide from which the crystals are made (in only a slightly updated process from the way we all made copper sulphate crystals in high school chemistry classes) all came from China.
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She said this hydration signal was consistent with hydrated calcium sulphate and the scientists think that the bright material in Tintina and the material in the veins could be one and the same.
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This outcrop contains yet finer grains but it is cut through with veins that the rover's ChemCam laser spectrometer indicates hold precipitated minerals - most likely hydrated calcium sulphate, possibly bassinite or gypsum.
And I should say that one of my wife's doctors has a cat and she says that this cat cannot get up in the morning without a little dose of glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate.
While the company is focused on lithium carbonate, an updated feasibility study in October 2012 showed the ability to produce an additional 2, 000 tons of battery-grade lithium hydroxide and up to 30, 000 tons of sodium sulphate annually.
Other techniques aim to enhance marine cloud reflectivity by introducing sea salt aerosols in low clouds, mimic the effects of volcanic eruptions by injecting sulphate aerosols into the lower stratosphere, or place shields or deflectors in space to reduce the amount of incoming solar radiation.
Injecting sulphate particles into the stratosphere, for instance, would cool the Earth by reflecting more sunlight into space. (Nature has already shown that this concept can work, since volcanic eruptions that send sulphur-rich plumes into the stratosphere can temporarily alter the world's climate.) However, Dr Lenton notes that the method becomes less effective as the atmosphere becomes more saturated with particles.
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