Mr. Straiges's set fuses socialist realism with Chagall-accented surrealism to more persuasive (and relevant) effect.
Then in 1932, Aragon chose the party over surrealism and Breton never spoke to him again.
"I don't think Surrealism has a sense of humor, " says curator Ilene Susan Fort.
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The phrase went round Paris, surrealism acquired an origin myth and Chagall's reputation was made.
He has recycled tropes from Marcel Duchamp, Surrealism, Francis Bacon, Minimalism, and numerous near-contemporaries.
Its artistic roots lay in surrealism, its philosophical ones in existentialism, even though Debord spat on both.
"Surrealism in my view is not simply Photoshop or photographic technique, " he says.
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But by then surrealism had broken free from the surrealist movement to start changing the way we look at the world.
Eventually he and his poet friends, Louis Aragon and Paul Eluard, did join the party and, despite some old-fashioned Stalinist inquisition sessions, they refused to renounce surrealism.
Yet the very Frenchness of Breton's cerebral authoritarianism proved so suffocating that in the end it was foreigners working in visual arts who carried surrealism into the world.
In 1924, Dada was superseded by another movement Surrealism.
Problems arose when it came to defining surrealism politically.
Ms Horn's early objets phallic horns attached to the head, curved horns extending from a woman's breasts to her mouth have a prosthetic weirdness about them that unashamedly echoes Surrealism's taste for erotic fetishism.
What this meant on the page changed over time, in stories and essays that ranged from playful postmodernism to sardonic surrealism, in language that dazzled with a semantic mix of high and low.
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In "Eternal Sunshine, " Mr. Kaufman rides his hobby horses -- whimsical surrealism, acrobatic or elastic time, science or psychology reshaped by blithe fantasy -- to a photo finish in which almost everything is worked out elegantly.
It was made by the Coen brothers, whose own taste for slight provincial surrealism veers close to that of Mackendrick, but, far from refining his work, they have devised one of their coarsest pictures to date.
In the morning, after the opening by UNESCO and AFPCN and the keynote address by a historian of surrealism, disasters and their consequences will be closely analysed by experts in fields as varied as philsophy, mathematical modelization and earth sciences.
This leads to the means for distinguishing fantasy from the far broader category of the fantastic, which includes a vast range of other forms such as horror, fabulation, surrealism and science fiction, the subject of an earlier excellent encyclopedia edited by Mr Clute and Peter Nicholls.
One of the invited speakers was to be Joachim Rotkopf, who was to lecture on the origins of European surrealism to be found in Poe's work, precisely the topic that had provoked the controversy with Professor Xavier Urquiza from Mendoza, and that had kept me so amused in the pages of The Gold-Bug, the Society journal.
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