So the last step on the winding road was the creation of a bacterial strain without any restriction-enzyme genes, and thus without restriction enzymes, so that the team could have a purified reaction vessel in which the new genome could do its thing.

ECONOMIST: Artificial lifeforms

In a bacterial strain, antibiotics bind to the ribosomes, preventing them from making the proteins the bacteria need to survive.

CNN: Chemistry Nobel honors research on life-giving ribosome

There is a drug resistant bacterial strain, called 19A, that became more prevalent as it filled the niche left by the bacteria vanquished by Prevnar.

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