According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, three out of every 1, 000 school-age children are believed to have Tourette syndrome.
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Indeed, in America, the Tourette Syndrome Association felt it necessary to issue a statement warning of the paucity of long-term safety data, especially in children, and the potential interactions of nicotine with drugs given to treat the syndrome.
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When administered in a preliminary trial to 24 patients with Tourette's syndrome it provided significant relief to 22 of them.
Dr Fetissov's work also adds weight to the idea that two other neurological diseases, schizophrenia and Tourette's syndrome, have an autoimmune component.
When he began working, Tourette's syndrome, with its terrifying array of symptoms tics and twitches, yelling and cursing was regarded as an exotic and untreatable condition.
Nevertheless, Tourette's syndrome is so distressing to patients and their families that doctors who treat the disorder are getting more and more requests for nicotine patches.
Tourette's syndrome is marked by movements such as shoulder shrugging, eye blinking and head jerking, as well as bizarre vocal tics including barking and uncontrollable outbursts of profanity.
The unexpected finding is that nicotine also appears to help children with Tourette's syndrome curious, given that this disease is caused not by a lack of dopamine, but by a surfeit.
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In the meantime, says Dr Sanberg, people with Tourette's syndrome who have not responded to more conventional therapies have nothing to lose by asking their doctors to prescribe mecamylamine, perhaps to take in addition to their current medication.
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