In 1919, the end of World War I was marked by the signing of the Treaty of Versailles between Germany and the allies.

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The two Mercks became separate companies under the Treaty of Versailles, each owning rights to the Merck trademark in different geographic areas, as part of Germany's reparations after World War I.

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The U.S. Senate would have approved the Treaty of Versailles had Wilson been willing to accept a handful of "reservations" put forth by its opponents who were led by Senator Henry Cabot Lodge.

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The French and British, together with Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, who chaired the Senate Foreign Relations Committee responsible for ratifying the Treaty of Versailles, all called for a scaled-back version of the plan.

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The pacifist democracies of Europe and the UK could have easily prevented the carnage of World War II by slapping down Hitler when he first violated the Treaty of Versailles and moved troops and artillery into the Rhineland region in 1936.

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Although he made dreadful mistakes in negotiating the Treaty of Versailles after World War I, was devastatingly inept at handling the fight over whether the U.S. should join the League of Nations and allowed his Administration's wholesale assault on civil liberties both during and after the war, the vast majority of historians today consider Wilson a great or near-great President.

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The Senate rejected the Versailles Treaty and so the US never joined Wilson's League of Nations.

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With isolationists and others suspicious of Europe dominating the debate, Congress refused to ratify the Versailles treaty, which provided for the League.

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