Urban Guidance considers public transportation options, such as trains, trams, busses and water taxis, whencalculating pedestrian routes.

ENGADGET: Garmin, Navigon GPS apps now consider mass transit, remember where we parked

Bidois also discouraged the use of public transportation in urban areas and warned that caution should be taken at beaches, especially in El Salvador.

BBC: Central America��s shift in safety

On the up side, though, New York state's per capita income ranks 16th nationally, and its urban population makes heavy use of public transportation.

FORBES: Magazine Article

This planning process should include measures to encourage compaction of the urban landscape, along with more efficient public transportation.

BBC: Martha Schwartz

With Urban Guidance users are able to integrate public transportation into their route, complete with detailed itineraries of transit stops.

ENGADGET: Garmin, Navigon GPS apps now consider mass transit, remember where we parked

Eco-friendly Philly boasts some 220 miles of bike lanes, good public transportation and the crown jewel of urban parks, 9, 200-acre Fairmount Park.

WSJ: Insider's Guide to Philadelphia |Journal Concierge

Fortunately, some of the urban areas on the list of cities that are worst for drivers are also among those having the best public transportation systems in the nation, including NYC, Chicago, San Francisco, Boston and Washington D.

FORBES: Cities With The Most Frustrated Motorists

Some observers such as Dr. Robert Lang, an expert on urban affairs and planning at Virginia Tech University, say the gas crunch could be a turning point in perceptions of public transportation and how cities plan development.

CNN: U.S. cities scrambling to meet rising mass transit demands