One educational option that is left to the brightest young migrants is vocational school, where students are taught a trade.

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Inaugurated by Anshu Vaish, Secretary, Department of School Education and Literacy, the conference explored ways to increase access to sustainable and learner-centred quality education and equip secondary school students with vocational skills through open distance learning.

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Xinhua reported that 25 students were rescued from a vocational school, and another 23 from a primary school.

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At a suburban campus of the Shanghai Vocational School of Technology and Business, half the students are migrants and half are local Shanghainese (five years ago, only one student in seven was a migrant).

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All undergraduate students attending an accredited college, university, or vocational school may apply.

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Alison Wolf, professor of management at King's College, University of London, warns that vocational education should not be viewed as a way of engaging students turned off by school.

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For example, the New College of the Humanities will offer a liberal arts education of the kind which will be familiar to American readers and is so lacking in Europe, where most generally students must pick a topic of study (often vocational) upon their leaving the secondary school system.

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