They promote people like themselves and ignore any talent that lacks a Y chromosome.
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Aside from that missing Y chromosome, Christine Lagarde is not a novelty at all.
They searched publicly accessible genealogy databases that contain both Y chromosome information and men's surnames.
If you receive a Y chromosome from your father, then your XY pair means you're genetically a male.
They identified the donor cells by the presence of the Y chromosome that is only found in males.
Your mother can give you only an X chromosome, but your father can pass on an X or a Y chromosome.
Using a computer algorithm, the researchers focused on identifying unique genetic markers on the Y chromosome of men in the project.
Analysis showed that 27% of British African-Caribbean men have a Y chromosome (passed directly from father to son) that traces back to Europe, not Africa.
It's a sobering thought for all us carriers of the Y chromosome, but prostate cancer kills almost as many men every year as breast cancer does women.
There were the husbands who wouldn't do housework but who would put together the cribs, carriers, baby gyms and high tech toys with the expertise only a Y chromosome provides.
His Y chromosome was traced back to the Middle East, possibly an indication of a Jewish ancestor among the many escaping persecution in Portugal and Spain some 500 years ago.
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Well, at least those who have a Y chromosome.
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Such genealogy sites, which people join in hopes of compiling their family tree, sometimes include Y chromosome data because it is passed from father to son and can be traced back generations.
It has been traditional in England for children to take their father's name and so Professor Sykes and colleague Catherine Irven looked at the Y chromosome, which fathers pass to sons but not daughters.
Sperm sorting can be carried out either by putting live sperm in a dense liquid and spinning it in a centrifuge to separate sperm carrying the x chromosome and those carrying the y chromosome.
Maybe it should be a requirement that to patent a gene that the patented gene be attached to chromosomes or organelles that are only found in the non-motile gamete (e.g. if it exists, something like the Y-chromosome, but only existing in eggs ).
Using the second swabs to test for additional markers on the Y (male) chromosome, can help narrow a large pool of close matches - potentially thousands of profiles - to a more manageable number.
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