在这一活跃层下面，是被称为“多年冻土”的第二层，终年冻结，不透水。
Beneath this active layer is a second layer called "permafrost", which is frozen all year around, and is impermeable to water.
多年冻土是指任何连续两个夏天处于冰点以下的地面。
Permafrost is defined as any ground that has stayed below freezing for more that two consecutive summers.
阐述了高原多年冻土区各类涵洞施工工艺。
The construction techniques for culverts in plateau permafrost regions are introduced.
冻裂是多年冻土地区沥青路面的主要病害。
Frost crack is the main failuve of asphalt pavement in permafrost region.
推导出通过多年冻土段不发生冻结泄水洞长度的计算公式。
In this paper, we deduced the formula for the length calculation of drainage hole in which the water could not be frozen through perennial soil.
这些因素都是通过影响地温场的变化而对多年冻土施加作用效果。
The factors above always give effect to the permafrost by changing the ground temperature field.
因此，研究分析多年冻土地区单桩应力状态有着很重要的现实意义。
So, analysing the stress state of single pile foundation in permafrost area has realistic meanings.
钢筋混凝土盖板涵、圆管涵和合金钢波管涵等都适应于多年冻土地区。
Rc slab culvert, circular culvert and alloy steel corrugated culvert are applicable to the secular frozen earth area.
应用多种方法对多年冻土地区5种不同路面结构进行了寿命周期费用分析。
Life cycle costs for 5 different pavement structures in permafrost zone were analyzed.
同时多年冻土抑制水分向深层土壤的下渗，增加了径流深度和蒸腾发强度。
Ever frozen ground prevents water from infiltrating to deep layer, which increases the depth of runoff and intensity of transpiration.
多年冻土地区路基病害主要由冻土土体在季节变化条件下的冻融循环造成的。
The disease of subgrade in permafrost region was mainly induced by frost heaving and thawing circulation of frozen soils because of change of seasons.
岛状多年冻土是大片连续多年冻土退化的边缘地带，具有平面上不连续特点。
Patchy permafrost is the edge of vast and continuous permafrost zone which is degrading, it is discontinuous horizontally.
所得结论对今后高纬度多年冻土区铁路建设具有重要的参考价值及指导意义。
The conclusion was instructive and might be a reference to railroading in high latitude permafrost.
多年冻土是埋藏于地表下多年不融化的含冰土层，是古代冰川气候的残留物。
Permafrost is underground soils containing ice which keep frozen for several years, it is remains of ancient glacial climate.
结果表明，修筑高路基后，多年冻土上限有所抬升，而下伏土层地温明显升高。
Results indicated that permafrost table was raised, the underlying ground temperature increased after constructing embankment.
目前，针对级配碎石力学性能研究较少，在多年冻土地区的应用研究还是空白。
At present, the study on mechanical behavior of graded broken stone is very limited and there is no any study of its application especially in perennially frozen soil zone.
在众多的保护多年冻土工程措施中，通风管路基是一种积极保护冻土的工程措施。
In the multitudinous protection permafrost project measure, the ventilation embankment is one kind protects the frozen earth positively the project measure.
在多年冻土地区修建铁路，为确保冻土路基的稳定，应使路基长期处于冻结状态。
In permafrost regions, the construction of railway should keep the subgrade frozen permanently so as to maintain the stability of the frozen subgrade.
在此基础上研究了我国森林线的空间分布特征及其与多年冻土线、气候雪线的关系。
On that basis, the primary features of spatial distribution of the forest line in China and its relations with the permafrost limits and climatic snowline are discussed.
多年冻土区修筑沥青路面后，引起了路基下多年冻土上限、多年冻土热状态等变化。
After asphalt pavement having been constructed in permafrost regions, permafrost thermal regime and permafrost table under roadbed will undergo a change.
因此，如何在多年冻土地区进行变电站接地系统的设计，是设计中一项很关键的工作。
So, how to proceed with the design work of the substation grounding system in permafrost region is a key step in the whole design work.
多年冻土地区独特的气候条件和地质条件决定了该地区沥青路面结构设计的特殊性。
Because of unique climatic condition and geological condition in perennially frozen soil zone, structural design of asphalt pavement in this area has its particularity.
着重介绍了多年冻土施工通风片石和碎石护坡改善多年冻土隔化下沉维持冻土的稳定。
The paper introduces the role of ventilating plate stone and rubble foot protection in improving permafrost and maintaining the stability of permafrost.
相同气候背景下，多年冻土腹部地温有升高，但在30年尺度上不会发生明显的退化。
However, under the same climate scenario, no significant degradation was found in the scale of 30 years in the continuous permafrost zone, despite distinct ground temperature rising there.
本文从路面材料和结构两方面，对多年冻土地区沥青路面设计技术进行系统深入的研究。
In this thesis, the author systemically study on the asphalt pavement design technology of the permafrost area from the material and the structure.
此研究为预测青藏铁路旱桥桩基稳定以及高温多年冻土桩基的设计与施工提供参考依据。
Reference basis is provided for the stability of land bridge along Qinghai—Tibet Railway and the design and construction of pile foundation in high temperature permafrost regions.
建设中的青藏铁路将穿越大片高温、富冰多年冻土地段，因此面临严峻的路基稳定问题。
Qinghai-Tibetan Railway roadbed being building will go through large area of the high-temperature and ice-rich permafrost, so the problem of roadbed stability will be an austerity challenge.
在靠近瑞典北部阿比斯库的Storflaket高原多年冻土沼泽由于冻土融化在其边缘处出现了裂缝。
The Storflaket permafrost plateau bog near Abisko in northern Sweden shows cracks at its borders due to thawing of the permafrost.
封闭碎石道碴层可以提升冻土上限，降低多年冻土温度，对下部多年冻土起到很好的保护作用。
The closed ballast layer can raise permafrost table, decrease annual mean ground temperature below the ballast layer, and protect the permafrost effectively.
封闭碎石道碴层可以提升冻土上限，降低多年冻土温度，对下部多年冻土起到很好的保护作用。
The closed ballast layer can raise permafrost table, decrease annual mean ground temperature below the ballast layer, and protect the permafrost effectively.
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