如果同卵双胞胎彼此在疾病方面比异卵双胞胎更相似，那么这种疾病的易感性至少在一定程度上是由遗传造成的。
If identical twins are more similar to each other with respect to an ailment than fraternal twins are, then vulnerability to the disease must be rooted at least in part in heredity.
同卵双胞胎在不悦的程度上比异卵双胞胎更为接近。
Identical twins were much closer than fraternal twins in unhappiness.
不过，还有很多与自发性异卵双胞胎有关的基因有待发现。
However, there are still more genes to be found that influence spontaneous dizygotic twinning.
该研究还发现，自闭症在同卵和异卵双胞胎中的发生率均高于一般人群。
The study also found that autism rates among both identical and fraternal twins were higher than in the general population.
科学家还认为，异卵双胞胎的偏好会像普通人群一样更加多样化。
The scientists also thought the fraternal twins' preferences would be more diverse like the general population.
在异卵双胞胎中，这一比例则下降到约百分之二十五到百分之四十。
In fraternal twins, the percentage drops to about 25 to 40 percent.
该项研究发现，同卵双胞胎的两个双胞胎儿都患有自闭症的可能性比异卵双胞胎的大。
The study found that the likelihood of both twins being affected by autism was higher among identical than fraternal twins.
与异卵双胞胎所得到的分数相比，同卵双胞胎所得到的分数明显吻合更多。
And scores were significantly more matched between identical as opposed to fraternal twins.
换言之，与异卵双胞胎相比，同卵双胞胎在游戏中更有可能采取相同的方式。
In other words, identical twins were more likely to play with the same strategy than fraternal twins.
而正如意料之中的那样，异卵双胞胎中这个概率就低一些，为31%的男性和36%的女性。
As expected, the rates among fraternal twins were lower: 31 percent of males and 36 percent of females.
如果同卵双胞胎给出相同答案的比率高于异卵双胞胎的，那么很大可能是基因造成了这一结果。
If the identical twins came up with the same answers more often than the fraternal twins did, then it's more likely that genes were the reason.
研究人员让102同卵双胞胎和71对异卵双胞胎看20张不同面孔的图像，每张展示1秒钟。
The researchers had 102 pairs of identical twins and 71 pairs of fraternal twins look at 20 different images of faces for about a second each.
再将这些人的基因档案与大量的非异卵双胞胎母亲或异卵双胞胎的家属的人群作比较。
Their genetic profiles were compared to those from a large group of people who were not related, either as mothers or as family members, to dizygotic twins.
首先，很多父母都没有把孩子们的基因联系搞清楚，认为异卵双胞胎是同卵双胞胎——或者刚好相反。
First, we know that many parents make bad guesses about their children's genetic connection-thinking that fraternal twins are actually identical ones, or vice versa.
那之前，无论同卵还是异卵双胞胎在达到某一既定年龄时都在极大程度上有各自不同的几率。
Before then, both identical and non-identical twins have largely independent odds of reaching a given age.
通过对同卵和异卵双胞胎的大量研究，研究人员分析了愉悦和不快的情感发生中，遗传学所起的作用。
In an umber of studies of identical and fraternal twins, researchers have examined the role genetics plays in happiness and unhappiness.
如果一种性状或疾病在同卵双胞胎中的同时发生的概率高于异卵双胞胎，那么这种性状或疾病是“可遗传的”。
A trait or disease is called heritable if monozygotic twins are more similar to each other than dizygotic twins.
这是规模最大的此类研究，调查集中在192对双胞胎的自闭症问题——54对同卵双胞胎，138对异卵双胞胎。
The largest study of its kind, the research focused on autism in 192 pairs of twins - 54 identical, 138 fraternal.
而单卵双胞胎间的得分明显地比异卵双胞胎的接近.研究人员对比实验了视觉和一般物体的辨认和记忆能力上的不同.
And scores weresignificantly more matched betweenidentical as opposed to fraternaltwins. The researchers controlled fordifferences in vision, generalobject recognition and memory.
关于同卵和异卵双胞胎的研究成为了行为在很多方面受遗传影响的有力证据，对DNA的检测揭示了一些基因的作用。
Studies comparing identical with non-identical twins have helped to establish the heritability of many aspects of behaviour, and examination of DNA has uncovered some of the genes responsible.
同卵双胞胎的基因完全一样；异卵双胞胎的基因只有一半完全一样；异卵双胞胎的基因恐怕并不比普通兄弟姐妹之间的基因更加相似。
Identical twins are genetic duplicates, while fraternal twins share only about half their genes and are no more genetically alike than ordinary siblings are.
如果同卵双胞胎在某个特定的性格特征上较异卵双胞胎表现出更大的相似性。那么我们就可以确定，该性格特征或多或少受到了遗传的影响。
If identical twins are more alike than fraternal twins, therefore, we conclude that the trait under consideration is to some degree inherited.
但重要的是，在异卵双胞胎中，两个孩子同都患自闭症的概率也不低，如果基因因素是主要因素，那么这种情况就与我们期望的结果是相反的。
But importantly, the chance of both twins being affected by autism was not low among fraternal twins, which is counter to what would be expected if genetics were the dominant factor.
在这项研究中，他们和加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的克里斯托弗•道维斯使用了一项全国性数据，这项数据对1000多对同卵及异卵双胞胎的基因进行了对比。
For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that compared more than 1,000 identical and fraternal twins.
在这项研究中，他们和加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的克里斯托弗•道维斯使用了一项全国性数据，这项数据对1000多对同卵及异卵双胞胎的基因进行了对比。
For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that compared more than 1, 000 identical and fraternal twins.
在这项研究中，他们和加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的克里斯托弗•道维斯使用了一项全国性数据，这项数据对1000多对同卵及异卵双胞胎的基因进行了对比。
For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that compared more than 1, 000 identical and fraternal twins.
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