第三章是对我国民事诉讼证据收集制度的历史考察与现状分析。
Chapter Three investigates and analyzes the history and present states of the system of evidence collection in China.
证据制度在民事诉讼制度中处于天然的核心地位，而证明责任则是民事诉讼制度中核心中的核心。
Proof system stands a natural core position in the system of civil law suit, but the responsibility for proof is the core in this system.
民事诉讼证据是证明案件真实情况的客观事实材料，证据制度是民事制度的核心。
Evidence is the objective material which proves the fact of civil case, and the evidence system is the core of civil procedure.
1991年颁布施行的民事诉讼法建立了我国以当事人自行收集证据为主、法院调查取证为辅的证据收集制度。
The Law of Civil Procedure issued in 1991 put the litigant's investigating evidence first and the court's investigating evidence secondary in our system of collecting proof.
建立现代诉讼制度，确立民事诉讼证据观念和操作规程，法律工作者应对此进行充分的理解和认识。
Law workers should have a thorough and rational understanding of the establishment of the modern litigation system and identification of the concept of the proof citing and operation procedure.
民事诉讼中的证据开示制度19世纪始于英国，此后受到各国重视。
Evidence discovery system started in the 19th century in Britain and has drawn much attention over the world ever since.
民事证据制度是民事诉讼制度的重要组成部分。
Civil evidence system is the important component part of the civil procedure system.
通过证据开示制度、释明权、部分请求之取消等民事诉讼审前程序的重构，在我国可以设立强制反诉制度。
The compulsory counterclaim system can be set up in China by such pre-trial proceedings as evidence demonstration system, explanation right and cancel of partial claims.
1938年在美国被确立为一项法定程序制度后，证据开示制度便被纳入许多国家的民事诉讼法或证据法中。
After established as a legal proceeding in 1938 in America, discovery has been adopted in the evidence law by many countries.
推定是民事证据制度的重要组成部分，在整个证明体系乃至整个民事诉讼活动中都有着独特的价值和地位。
Presumption is an important part of civil evidence system. It has a special value and status in the evidence system and even in the whole civil proceedings.
证据是民事诉讼的核心和基础，完善的证据制度是实现程序正义、实体正义的保障。
Evidence is the core and foundation of civil litigation and the perfect evidence system is the safeguard to realize procedural justice and substantive justice.
司法认知，又称为“审判上的知悉”，是民事诉讼法的一项重要制度也是证据学上一个重要问题。
Judicial notice, which is also known as "judicial knowing", is an important rule in civil proceedings as well as a key issue in evidence act.
司法认知，又称为“审判上的知悉”，是民事诉讼法的一项重要制度也是证据学上一个重要问题。
Judicial notice, which is also known as "judicial knowing", is an important rule in civil proceedings as well as a key issue in evidence act.
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