许多生物变化过程都是由激素控制的。
当茎死亡时，它的激素信号也停止了。
这些激素长期保持高水平与心脏病有关。
Chronically high levels of these hormones have been linked to heart disease.
首先，它产生的应激激素会导致许多健康问题。
First, it produces stress hormones that can lead to many health problems.
例如，来自大脑下丘脑的激素会刺激垂体前叶。
For example, hormones from the hypothalamus in the brain stimulate the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
很明显，乙烯是水果中天然的植物激素，使水果成熟。
Ethylene is the natural plant hormone in fruit that makes them turn ripe, apparently.
它可能通过食欲控制激素的活动来干扰身体的新陈代谢。
It interferes with the body's metabolism, possibly via the activity of an appetite-controlling hormone.
短时间内这些激素会产生积极的影响，包括改善记忆功能。
In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function.
此处的要点是，你吃的纤维越多，你体内的激素水平就越低。
The bottom line here is the more fiber you eat, perhaps, a lower level of hormone in your body.
对于更年期妇女，这结果并没有改变关于联合激素治疗的建议。
The results do not change recommendations concerning combination hormone therapy for the two-thirds of menopausal women.
最近，我们测试了这种激素在大脑外部起到一种作用的可能性。
Recently, we tested the possibility that one of the hormone's actions outside the brain might be responsible.
短时间内这些激素会产生积极的影响，其中包括改善记忆功能。
In short bursts, these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function.
当人们睡眠不足时，他们体内的应激激素水平会升高，造成免疫功能下降。
When people are sleep-deprived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies, which can decrease immune function.
考特曼认为，这种保持神经元功能的激素可能会阻止活跃的人的大脑恶化。
Cotman believes this hormone, which keeps neurons functioning, may prevent the brains of active humans from deteriorating.
这是通过一个复杂的化学信使系统来完成的，在植物中包括激素和其他调节分子。
This is accomplished by a complex system of chemical messengers that in plants include hormones and other regulatory molecules.
塞曼发现，情绪上感到孤独的老年人即使在睡觉时也会保持较高的应激激素水平。
Seeman found that elderly people who felt emotionally isolated maintained higher levels of stress hormones even when asleep.
以甜瓜薄皮自交系为材料，研究了外植体、苗龄、激素等因素对甜瓜离体再生的影响。
The thin-skin muskmelon inbred lines were used to study the effects of explants, seedling age, and hormones on plant in vitro regeneration.
甲状腺位于颈部的底部附近，是一个很大的内分泌腺体，它产生激素，协助控制生长和新陈代谢。
Located near the base of the neck, the thyroid is a large endocrine gland that produces hormones that help control growth and metabolism.
这一发现提出了长期存在的证据，即纤维可能会降低女性的循环激素水平，这可以解释风险降低的原因。
The finding points to longstanding evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk.
这一发现指出了长期存在的证据，即纤维可能会降低雌性激素的循环水平，这可以解释风险降低的原因。
The finding points to long-standing evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk.
芝加哥西北大学的费利斯博士说：“当人们睡眠不足时，他们体内的应激激素水平会升高，这会降低免疫功能。”
"When people are sleep-deprived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies which can decrease immune function," says Doctor Felice of Northwestern University in Chicago.
在这里最重要的一点是，你吃的纤维越多，可能你体内的激素水平就越低，因此一生当中患乳腺癌的风险就越低。
The bottom line here is the more fiber you eat, perhaps, a lower level of hormone in your body, and therefore, a lower lifetime risk of developing breast cancer.
有迹象表明，多效性植物激素实际上可能通过激活酶来发挥作用，这些酶从细胞壁释放出这些更为特殊的化学信使。
There are indications that pleiotropic plant hormones may actually function by activating the enzymes that release these other, more specific chemical messengers from the cell wall.
芝加哥西北大学的博士费利斯·徐说：“当人们睡眠不足时，他们体内的应激激素水平会升高，这会降低免疫功能。”
"When people are sleep-deprived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies, which can decrease immune function," says Dr. Phyllis Zee of Northwestern University in Chicago.
相反，对于那些认为成绩下降是一种永久的、无法挽回的状态的学生来说，成绩的下降只会预兆着他们应激激素的上升。
Instead, declining grades only predicted worse stress hormones among students who believed that worsening grades were a permanent and hopeless state of affairs.
在实验室的挑战性活动（比如驾车）的模拟中，那些觉得生活在自己的掌控之中的人产生的应激激素（比如皮质醇）更少。
In laboratory simulations of challenging activities such as driving, those who felt in control of their lives pumped out lower levels of stress hormones such as cortisol.
微量的一些激素可以改变我们的情绪和行为，我们的饮食倾向，我们的侵略性或顺从性，以及我们的繁衍和作为父母角色的行为。
Tiny amounts of some hormones can modify our moods and our actions, our inclination to eat or drink, our aggressiveness or submissiveness, and our reproductive and parental behavior.
与氨基寡糖素不同，这五种众所周知的植物激素是多效性的，而不是特异性的；也就是说，每一种对植物的生长发育都有不止一种作用。
Unlike the oligosaccharins, the five well-known plant hormones are pleiotropic rather than specific; that is, each has more than one effect on the growth and development of plants.
然后，含有这些信使核糖核苷酸的脑细胞就可以被分离开来，研究者可对其信使核糖核苷酸进行解码，以确定它们的蛋白质产物究竟是什么，并确定这些蛋白质产物在何种程度上类似于真正的肽激素。
The brain cells containing these mRNA's can then be isolated and their mRNA's decoded to determine just what their protein products are and how closely the products resemble the true peptide hormones.
雌激素分泌水平低与精神压力有关。
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