CubeSat researchers suggest that now's the time to ponder unexpected and unintended possible consequences of more people than ever having access to their own small slice of space.
立方体卫星（CubeSat）的研究人员认为，由于有机会进入属于自己的小宇宙空间的人前所未有地多了起来，现在是时候考虑一下其带来的意料及计划外的后果了。
The average amount of time spent washing clothes also increased for rural households with no access to professional laundries.
在没有专业洗衣店的农村家庭，洗衣的平均时间也增加了。
The objective was to reduce the time and effort needed to obtain access to essential goods and services through an improved rural transport system.
其目标是通过改善农村运输系统来减少获得基本物资和服务所需的时间和努力。
It's a complex system wherein data is copied to multiple intermediate devices, usually to speed up access to files when millions of people are trying to access the service at the same time.
这是一个复杂的系统，数据被复制到多个中间设备，通常是为了在数百万人同时试图访问服务时加快文件访问速度。
With that information you can model and calculate the data access time.
有了这些信息，您就可以建模和计算数据访问时间。
Bandwidth is usually not a problem and execution and access time are optimal.
通常带宽不是问题，而且执行和访问时间也都是最佳的。
Unless you measure carefully, you don't know the true average access time or throughput of your disk subsystems.
除非您仔细检查，否则您无法知道磁盘子系统实际的平均存取时间或吞吐量。
This policy defines the rule to migrate files from one pool to another depending on various file attributes like access time, modified time, file name, path, owner, and so on.
该策略定义了文件在池间迁移的规则，可根据访问时间、修改时间、文件名、路径、所有者等文件属性将文件从某个池迁移另一个池。
The large graphic files, in uncompressed format, can consume enormous disk space and the amount of bandwidth, thus slowing down access time.
大的未压缩格式的图形文件可以消耗掉大量的磁盘空间和带宽量，从而延缓了访问时间。
The cache can easily scale to 40 GB, which can be spread across multiple machines, so the whole cache can be in memory, with minimal access time.
缓存可以轻松扩展到40GB，可在多台机器上分布，因此整个缓存可以位于内存中，只需要很少的访问时间。
With this model, you can simulate the effects a higher near-cache hit will have on the average data access time.
使用这个模型，您可以对较高近距离缓存命中率对平均数据访问时间造成的影响进行模拟。
Figure 15. Increasing the probability of a near-cache hit, either through larger near caches or affinity routing, reduces the average data access time.
图15.通过较大近缓存或者关联路由，逐渐增加近缓存命中的概率，可以减少平均数据访问时间。
This policy defines the rule to delete the files from the system depending on various file attributes like access time, modified time, file name, path, owner, and so on.
该策略定义了从系统中删除文件的规则，可根据访问时间、修改时间、文件名、路径、所有者等文件属性对系统中的文件进行删除。
Besides the field access time tests, I did the same sort of timing test for method calls.
除了字段接入时间测试之外，我还进行了相同的方法调用时间测试。
Developers should modularize, optimize, and index the requests to reduce access time.
开发人员应该模块化、最优化和索引化请求，以便减少访问时间。
As a result, the disk access time is much longer when reading data in random order than when reading in sequential order.
因此，与按顺序读取相比，按随机顺序读取数据时的磁盘访问时间要长得多。
To compute the data access time, you need to know the probabilities for the data existing in the near-cache, in the server cache, and in the database.
要计算数据访问时间，您需要了解数据存在于近缓存中、服务器缓存中、以及数据库中的概率。
If you check the basic attributes again, in the same way we did earlier, you should see that the last modified time has been altered but the creation time and last access time have remained the same.
如果以前面相同的方式再次检查基本属性，您会发现最后修改时间已被修改，但是创建时间和最后访问时间还保持原样。
To reduce database contention independent of making disk configuration changes, try approaches that may reduce database access contention or improve file access time.
如果希望减少数据库争用，但是不愿意修改磁盘配置，那么应该尝试减少数据库访问争用或改进文件访问时间的措施。
Last access time (.lat) expiration.
最后访问时间(. LAT)过期。
The effect of increasing the probability of a cache hit in the near cache is a 42% improvement in data access time.
近缓存中缓存命中率逐渐增加，其效果是数据访问时间提高了 42%。
Memory is the best persistent store for a cache because access time is (practically) instantaneous and RAM is typically plentiful (or cheap to amass).
内存是缓存的最佳持久性存储，因为访问时间(实际上)是即时的并且RAM的容量通常都很大(或者容易聚集在一起)。
Given the optimal execution time, reducing access time is another concern for developers.
如果给定最佳的执行时间，则减少访问时间是开发人员需要关心的另一个问题。
After applying the computations, the estimated data access time works out to be ~ 47 ms.
在进行计算之后，估计的数据访问时间算出来约为47ms。
Data that needs to have subsecond access time.
需要具有亚秒(subsecond)存取时间的数据。
In the initial example above, the reduction of key data access time from 60 ms to 6 ms was a direct result of this caching benefit and the load reduction on the back-end database.
在上例中，关键数据访问时间从60ms减少到6 ms是该缓存带来的直接好处，同时还减少了后端数据库的负载。
We include and maintain usage metrics (creation time, last access time, etc.) in the underlying database containing the calculator state.
我们在包含计算器状态的底层数据库中包括和维护使用的标准（创建时间、最近访问时间，等等）。
st_atime -- the last access time
st_atime——最后的访问时间
The database, which typically will have the slowest access time.
数据库，通常访问时间是最长的。
The two nulls indicate that we do not want to change the last access time or creation time for this file.
这两个null指出，我们不想改变这一文件的最后访问时间或者创建时间。
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