Photo 7 ：Swarms of krill, a cornerstone of the entire Antarctic food chain, feed on phytoplankton that grows on the underside of sea ice.
图7：成群的磷虾是整个南极动物食物链的基础。 它们以浮游生物为食，生长在海冰的上层。
The Antarctic Ice Sheet waxed and waned, and global sea level rose and fell.
随着南极冰盖冰冻和消融，全球海平面也在降低和升高。
As a primary outlet for the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, the Pine Island Glacier is one of the largest sources of uncertainty in global sea level rise projections.
作为南极西部冰盖的基本出口，松岛冰川全球海平面上升预测中最大的不确定性之一。
Sea ice in the Antarctic was supposed to last for 5, 000 years until scientists found that the melting was proceeding at a faster pace than expected.
过去人们都认为南极洲的冰川会存在5000年。直到后来科学家们发现：冰川正在以意想不到的速度消失。
One such detector – ANTARES – is miles under the Mediterranean Sea, while another, IceCube , is buried under Antarctic ice.
一台监测器名叫ANTARES位于地中海数英里的深处，而另一台叫做冰立方（IceCube）则埋在南极洲的冰下。
Furthermore, sea level fluctuated tens of meters during this interval, suggesting a highly volatile East Antarctic Ice Sheet when CO2 concentrations were near this threshold value.
此外，海平面在数十米区间内的波动，表明在二氧化碳接近这个临界值时东南极洲冰盖会产生剧烈蒸发。
Krill, the whales' main source of food, are threatened by higher ocean temperatures and melting sea ice around the Antarctic, which would in turn hurt the whales' chances of survival.
在南极地区，由于海洋温度的上升和海冰的融化，露脊鲸主要的食物来源南极磷虾受到了严重威胁，这反过来也危及到了鲸类的生存。
If coastal ice shelves buttressing the west Antarctic ice sheet continue to disintegrate, the sheet could disgorge into the ocean, raising sea levels by several metres in a century.
假如支撑西南极洲冰盖的沿岸冰架持续解体，那么冰盖就会泄入海洋，百年之内海平面便将上升数米。
South Georgia rises sheer and stark from the sea, a hundred-mile arc of dark Antarctic peaks, ice fields, and hanging glaciers.
南乔治亚——大海中升起的峭壁荒原，南极巅峰、冰原和浮游冰层绵延百里笼罩四野。
Antarctic sea ice, for instance, does not seem to be shrinking, probably because increased melting is balanced by more snow.
例如南极海冰并没有缩小，大概是因为多融化的冰和多下的雪持平。
There is 10 feet of sea level rise stored up in the unstable part of the West Antarctic ice sheet.
西南极冰架的不稳定部分一旦融化，会让海平面上升10英尺。
But Notz is less optimistic about Antarctic sea ice, its undersides heated by eddying Southern Ocean currents.
但是对于南极的冰盖，诺茨并不那么乐观，因为其下层正受到南大洋旋流的加温。
The study by SCAR suggested that sea levels could rise by up to 1.4m by 2100 if the Antarctic ice began to melt.
SCAR研究提出，到2100年如果南极冰原开始融化，海平面可能上升1.4米。
But if even half of the West Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets were to melt, sea levels would rise by six or seven metres, flooding many of the world's big cities, and the outlook is discouraging.
但是，即使只有南极洲西部和格陵兰岛大冰原的一半融化的话，海平面就会上升6 -7米，世界上的许多大城市都会被淹没，前景令人沮丧。
Since the start of satellite records in 1979, total Antarctic sea ice has increased by about 1% a decade, according to Nasa.
据NASA的消息，自从1979年卫星开始记录以来，十年内南极海冰总数已经增长约1%。
Mass balance of Antarctic ice sheet and mean sea level are the factors in global change study.
南极冰盖的物质平衡和海平面变化是全球变化研究的一个重要内容。
Arctic sea ice, for example, is shrinking by around 4% a decade, and the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are losing mass.
例如北冰洋的冰块十年来已减少了4%，格陵兰岛和南极洲的冰盖也在大量减少。
In addition, global warming also makes the Antarctic ice began to melt, causing sea levels to rise, the use area of narrow, humans cannot survive, massive death of animals and plants.
此外全球变暖也使得南极冰川开始融化，进而导致海平面升高，使用面积缩小，人类无法生存，动植物大量死亡。
Antarctic ice microalgae refers to micro algae which lives in the Antarctic sea ice, the sea ice edge or water.
南极冰藻就是指生活在南极海冰、海冰边缘或海水中的一大类微藻。
However, the instability of West Antarctic Ice Sheet will increase with the climatic worming and thus will become the most important in the factors causing the sea level rise.
但是西南极冰盖的不稳定性可能随气候持续变暖而增强，成为引起海平面上升的最重要潜在因素。
The change of Antarctic sea ice and global atmospheric circulation are related closely.
南极海冰的变化和全球大气环流关系密切。
The area of Antarctic sea ice takes about 58% of all the area of south hemisphere cryosphere, and 3.58% of Earth surface area.
南极海冰作用区约占南半球雪冰作用区面积的58%，约占地球表面积的3.58%。
Resolving the difficulty to monitoring Antarctic sea ice and forecast of sea ice slot and free water route.
解决了南极海冰监测和冰缝、水道预报的难点。
Relationship between Antarctic sea ice and the climate in summer of China.
南极海冰与我国夏季天气的关系。
Recent estimates suggest the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets add another 1.3 millimeters per year to sea level.
最近的估算显示格陵兰及南极冰盖的消融每年则使海平面上升约1.3毫米。
Antarctic scientists have combined measurements provided by an underwater robot with existing satellite data to show that Antarctic sea ice may be thicker than previously thought.
南极的科学家通过一个水下机器人与现有的卫星提供的数据相结合的测量表明，南极海冰可以更厚比以前认为的。
If all of the Antarctic ice melted, sea levels around the world would rise about 61 meters.
倘若所有的南极冰融化，全世界的海平面会上升大约61米。
If all of the Antarctic ice melted, sea levels around the world would rise about 61 meters.
倘若所有的南极冰融化，全世界的海平面会上升大约61米。
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