If you want the chemical potential.
如果你想知道化学势。
Because it's in equilibrium, the chemical potential of that particular component has to be the same in all the phases.
因为它处于平衡状态，所以这个特定组分在所有相中的化学势，都必须相等。
We learned that the pressure dependence of the Gibbs free energy gives you the pressure dependence for the chemical potential.
我们还知道吉布斯自由能，对压强的依赖关系决定了，化学势对压强的依赖关系。
Now, the chemical potential, as we saw, was the Gibbs free energy.
现在，化学势，就像我们看到的，等于吉布斯自由能。
Especially when you're talking about something like a chemical potential, which is really nothing but the Gibbs free energy.
尤其是当你谈论诸如,化学势之类的东西的时候，实际上这就是吉布斯自由能。
What this is telling us is that we just have a chemical potential, of Helmholtz free energy per molecule.
这告诉我们的是，我们只有化学势，每个分子的亥姆霍兹自由能。
We know a lot about the chemical potential of something in the gas phase.
我们对于气相中的一些成分的，化学势了解很多。
By the way, it's convenient because it looks just like the chemical potential in a mixture of ideal gases.
顺便说一下，它很简便，因为它看起来就像理想气体，混合物中化学势的表达式。
We think about chemical potential.
我们考虑化学势。
Every single component has to have its chemical potential its chemical potential equal throughout the phases.
因为每一个组分在所有相中的化学势,都必须相等。
Now, what do we know about the chemical potential in both parts?
我们现在怎么知道，这两边的化学势？
So that's a very simple expression for the chemical potential of a.
那是A的化学势的，一个十分简单的表达式。
So of course, the free energy in either case is just the sum of the number of moles of each times the chemical potential of each.
那么当然，任一种情况的自由能，就是各组分的分子数，乘以化学势再加和。
In other words, the difference in the chemical potential is, this changes as a function of pressure.
换句话说，化学势之差等于，这个差值随着压强的变化。
OK, so in equilibrium now, when we talk about equilibrium in solution, we still have to, still going to be the chemical potential.
好现在是平衡态，我们讨论溶液中的平衡态，我们仍然仍然讨论化学势。
So if we work out the chemical potential, it's just one over N times A.
如果我们计算出化学势，它就是N分之一乘以A
Right, it's just a number of moles times the chemical potential in each case.
对的，它只是摩尔数，乘以每种情况的化学势。
Just from starting from our understanding of what the chemical potential does even in a simple ideal mixture.
从对化学势，在简单理想，混合里的行为的理解开始。
Subtract a little bit of chemical potential from the reactants.
减去一点反应物的，化学势。
Changes in Gibbs free energy, changes in the chemical potential. Everything will be related to this partition function. This subsystem.
吉布斯自由能和化学势的变化，一切都，由这个子系统决定。
Which is that, from what we're going to prove, is that the chemical potential in the mixture is always less than for the pure substance.
也就是，从中我们将证明，混合物的化学势，永远比纯净物的低。
So we're going to reference this to some standard state chemical potential.
所以要把它们，与标准状态化学势。
And so the chemical potential of the water is strongly affected by all the other constituents.
水的化学势受到，其他成分的强烈影响。
乘以化学势。
The chemical potential has to be equal outside and inside the container.
容器内外的化学势,必须相等。
That it's equal to the chemical potential RTlogp at one bar for an ideal gas plus RT log p.
等于对于理想气体一巴时的,化学势加上。
That's just the chemical potential.
这是化学势。
And that's what's resulting in the decrease in chemical potential.
结果导致，化学势的降低。
And that would change what the reference potential is chemical potential is.
这也会改变，参考化学势。
The chemical potentials of the, and we also know how to go from the chemical potential in the mixed species, in the, mixture to the chemical potential in a pure.
化学势，而且我们知道，怎么从混合物得化学势，得到纯净物的化学势。
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