In the pure sense, molecular gastronomy is the scientific study of the chemical and physical processes that accompany cooking.
在纯粹意义上，分子烹饪是一门把化学和物理原理运用在烹饪的科学。
And then we'll have an equation that will compare the chemical potential of the mixture under the same conditions as the chemical potential of a in the pure state.
那么我们就得到了一个式子，用它可以来比较混合态的化学势，和相同条件下，纯态时的化学势。
Yet while this sort of chemical recipe was already shown in the 90s to work with a pure gas, the sort of emissions that come from a fossil fuel power station are typically full of impurities.
然而，尽管这种'纯'气体方式的化学处理方案在上世纪90年代已经问世，但化石燃料电厂排放出的废气通常杂质很多。
So our goal, then, is to have a mixture, chemical potential of the mixture on one side, and the chemical potential of the pure material on the other side.
我们的目的是，有一个混合物，混合物的化学势在这边，纯净物的化学势，在另一边。
Therefore the chemical potential in the mixture is always less than the chemical potential inside the pure material.
所以混合态是的化学势,永远小于,纯态物质的化学势。
So what that means is that the chemical potential in the solution is always lower than the chemical potential of the pure liquid.
所以那意味着,溶液中的化学势,总是低于,纯液体中的化学势。
We know that in all cases at the same pressure, the chemical potential of the mixture is lower than the chemical potential of the pure liquid. What's going to happen?
我们知道在同等压强的所以情况下，混合物的化学势，比纯液体的，化学势低，将会发生什么？
Which is that, from what we're going to prove, is that the chemical potential in the mixture is always less than for the pure substance.
也就是，从中我们将证明，混合物的化学势，永远比纯净物的低。
So it's going to be the chemical potential of the pure material.
所以他的化学势，等于纯物质的化学势。
The chemical potentials of the, and we also know how to go from the chemical potential in the mixed species, in the, mixture to the chemical potential in a pure.
化学势，而且我们知道，怎么从混合物得化学势，得到纯净物的化学势。
And instead of these chemical potentials, you would write them in terms of the pure chemical potentials times their concentrations.
用纯化学势，乘以它们的浓度，代替这些化学势。
Same chemical potential as if it were pure.
所以A的化学势不变，就好像A是纯的。
Well, that's just the chemical potential of a, in the pure state, at temperature t and pressure pT.
好，这就是A的化学势，在纯态，温度为T，压强为p总时。
They found the caffeine in coffee and the anti-inflammatory ingredients of aspirin and other painkillers reacted against the chemical compounds of ethanol, or pure alcohol.
科学家发现咖啡里面的咖啡因和阿司匹林类的解热镇痛抗炎药成分能够对抗酒精或酒类饮料产生的化学物质。
And then we expand it out in terms of the standard chemical potentials for everything being pure.
然后按照所有，纯净物的标准化学势展开混合。
Most chemical reactions take place, not between pure solids, liquids, or gases, but among ions and molecules dissolved in water or other solvents.
许多化学反应不是发生在纯固体、纯液体或纯气体之间，而是发生在溶解于水中或别的溶剂中的离子和分子之间。
Two percent capsaicin bear spray is advertised at 3.3 million units, and pure capsaicin - the chemical that causes the pain - hits 16 million.
驱熊喷雾器尽管只含有2%的辣椒素(capsaicin)，但广告宣称其辣度为330万单位；而可以引发剧痛的纯辣椒素其辣度骤升至1600万。
After tweaking the system to adjust the relative amounts of the enzymes, the researchers could feed their yeast a precursor chemical called thebaine, and get pure morphine in return.
在经过对植物体系进行酶相对数量的调整后，研究人员会在这些酵母中加入一种名为二甲基吗啡的混合化学物质，这样就会得到纯净的吗啡。
Those chemists who are engaged in the research of both pure and applied chemistry, or who both work in chemical research and are in charge of chemical business are defined as "amphibious chemists".
本文把既从事基础化学研究又进行应用化学研究，或者既从事化学研究又经营化学企实业的化学家定义为“两栖化学家”；
An additive for matt pure tin electroplating was developed by electrochemical and chemical methods.
运用电化学和化学方法开发了一种亚光纯锡电镀添加剂。
For pure benzene and other chemical products, the current is at a relatively high risk factor of time.
对于纯苯等化工产品，当前正处在一个风险系数相对较高的时期。
We can separate the mixture into the pure chemical compounds of which it is composed.
我们能够把混合无分为构成该混合物的纯化学化合物。
No, because our products are essentially pure botanical extracts without strong chemical ingredients.
不会，因为我们公司的产品是纯植物提取精华没有激素化学成分。
Man's first pure chemical means to create a life on: Poliomyelitis polio menu may be one of the most useful books.
人类首次用纯化学手段制造出了一种生命体：脊髓灰质炎小儿麻痹菜谱也许是最实用的读物之一。
Man first pure chemical means to create a life on: Poliomyelitis polio menu may be one of the most useful books.
人类首次用纯化学手段制造出了一种生命体：脊髓灰质炎小儿麻痹菜谱也许是最实用的读物之一。
The carbon-sulfur analyzer was corrected by mens of the pure chemical substance and was used to determine carbon content in titanium alloys.
采用纯化学物质对高频加热-红外检测碳硫仪校准，对钛合金中的碳量进行测定。
Pure alkali is important basic chemical material, extensively applied to the industry, such as metallurgy, chemical industry, textile, papermaking, medicine, food, etc.
纯碱是广泛应用于冶金、化工、纺织、造纸、医药、食品等工业的重要的基础化工原料。
Pure alkali is important basic chemical material, extensively applied to the industry, such as metallurgy, chemical industry, textile, papermaking, medicine, food, etc.
纯碱是广泛应用于冶金、化工、纺织、造纸、医药、食品等工业的重要的基础化工原料。
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