But the strength of the cartridge case after ironing drawing cannot be accurately calculated by this formula, because the result of calculation is lower than that reached in practice.
用常规的幂强化公式计算药筒在引伸后的强度时，数值偏低较多，原因是该公式未考虑引伸凹模锥角对强化的影响。
This paper simulates the deformation process of ironing deep drawing by means of the upper bound element method.
利用上限元法对变薄拉深过程进行了数值模拟。
This paper simulates the deformation process of ironing deep drawing by means of the upper bound element method.
利用上限元法对变薄拉深过程进行了数值模拟。
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