Studying the fruit fly, a household nuisance but a time-honored experimental subject, has enabled the secrets of how embryos develop to begin to be unraveled by scientists.
果蝇在家中招人讨厌，但却是一个历史悠久的实验对象。通过研究果蝇，科学家们得以揭开胚胎发育的秘密。
For example, in the fruit fly, researchers have identified the gene Shaker, mutations in which cause flies to shake violently under anesthesia.
例如，在果蝇身上，研究人员发现了基因震荡器，这种突变导致果蝇在麻醉下剧烈摇晃。
Consider the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer's piece in the Science Times on Tuesday.
想想卡尔·齐默周二在《科学时报》上发表的文章中描述的果蝇实验吧。
Although the study was conducted in a lowly fruit fly, the principles were very likely apply to many animals.
尽管这项研究是在低级的果蝇上进行，这个原则很可能适用于许多动物。
This drift has been studied extensively in many animals and in biological activities ranging from the hatching of fruit fly eggs to wheel running by squirrels.
在许多动物中，以及在诸如果蝇卵的孵化乃至松鼠跑动的转轮这样的生物活动中，这种变化趋势一直受到广泛的研究。
The sooty blotch will wipe off of the fruit and fly speck will not.
煤烟斑将其擦去，而蝇斑则不会。
This is one more reason why the fruit fly is a great model for studying humans.
这也是拿果蝇作为研究人类的模型的另一大原因。
Working on the project in parallel with our classes took careful juggling and quite a few late nights as we got to grips with the ins and outs of services in the world of fruit fly research.
在上课的同时进行这个项目，意味着做出仔细的安排，并且在相当多的时候工作到深夜，而我们也逐渐了解果蝇研究界服务方面的门道。
In this micrograph of a dorsal closure in a fruit-fly embryo, the protein actin is marked red, prominent around the gap in the epithelial cells.
这是一只果蝇背向闭合行为的显微图片，其中被涂成了红色的蛋白质活跃于皮层细胞的勾缝四周。
The challenge is no longer collecting information, but mining the data to answer specific research questions - such as the paradox of the human genome being so much smaller than that of a fruit fly.
人们面临的挑战不再是收集信息，而是挖掘数据以回答特定研究问题——例如人类基因组比果蝇的基因组小如此多的矛盾。
They compared sperm from a fruit fly, sea urchin, rooster, fish and human.
他们比较了果蝇、海胆、公鸡、鱼类和人类的基因。
Young fruit fly nerve cells don't necessarily know how many cells are in their neighborhood, yet they manage to develop into appropriately distributed sensory bristles.
处于早期阶段的果蝇神经细胞不一定了解周围细胞的数目，但是他们能够发育成合理分布的感觉硬毛。
Although the study was conducted in a lowly fruit fly, the principles uncovered by Carroll's group, he argues, very likely apply to many animals, everything from butterflies to boa constrictors.
尽管这项研究是在简单的果蝇上进行，卡罗尔的研究小组发现的原则很可能适用于许多动物，从蝴蝶到蟒蛇。
Conducting their experiments on the rapidly-reproducing fruit fly, the scientists were able to test this new theory.
科学家以繁殖能力较强的果蝇作为实验对象，可以验证这一新的理论。
With the help of Chiara Cirelli, who also works at the University of Wisconsin, Dr Tononi has created a mutant fruit fly that sleeps only two or three hours a night.
在威斯康星大学的同事凯拉奇莱利的帮助下，托诺尼博士创造了一种每晚只睡两到三小时的变异果蝇。
Suppose we do it with a fruit fly.
我们用果蝇来做假设。
Liang studied the genomes of arabidopsis, aspergillus, the fruit fly and the mouse, and found that a good average word length is 12 letters.
王亮研究了拟南芥(arabidopsis)、曲霉菌(aspergillus)、果蝇以及老鼠的基因组，同时发现基因“单词”的一个合适的平均长度是12个字母。
But if you're a fruit fly, literally dousing your offspring in alcohol is apparently one of the best ways to protect them from danger, particularly from certain types of wasps.
但如果你是一只果蝇，毫不夸张的说，你把后代浸没在酒精中是保护它们远离危险的最好办法之一，特别是这样能避免黄蜂的伤害。
In the study conducted using a fruit fly, they found that negative feedback mediated by PI3K regulates the excitability of neurons, an issue in a number of ailments that include neurofibromatosis.
在用果蝇的实验中，研究人员发现由PI3K介导的负反馈可以调节神经的兴奋性，这个问题在包括神经纤维瘤等许多疾病中存在。
Unless an infected larva kills the wasp egg, it hatches and the wasp larva eats its way out from inside the fruit fly larva, killing it.
除非受感染的果蝇幼虫杀死黄蜂卵，否则当黄蜂卵孵化出来后，黄蜂幼虫将会由内而外吞噬果蝇幼虫，将其杀死。
That may not sound like a long time. However, the researchers remind us that one day in the life of a fruit fly is equal to one human year.
这听起来可能不算太长时间。然而，研究人员提醒我们，果蝇寿命中的一天相当于人类的一年。
Wigan spent months carving the model out of gold flakes, using the hair from the leg of a fruit fly as a brush.
维冈花了数月时间，用金箔作为原材料、果蝇腿毛作为刷子，完成了这部作品。
A commentary on eastday. com wrote that, although the authorities had dismissed the fruit fly rumors quickly and informed the public that the situation was under control and most tangerines were safe.
东方网的一篇评论写道，“蛆虫柑橘”传闻出现后，虽然相关部门在第一时间进行了澄清，告知公众疫情已得到有效控制，柑橘总体是安全的。
First, certain types of wasps prey on fruit flies by injecting eggs inside fruit fly larvae.
首先，特定类型的黄蜂会将卵注入果蝇幼虫中，以捕食果蝇。
Because much of the genome of Drosophila is Shared with human beings, learning how nuclear organization is controlled in the fruit fly can apply to human disorders like birth defects and cancer.
因为果蝇和人类有很多基因是共同的，因此了解果蝇的细胞核调控有助于认识人类的疾病如先天性疾病，或癌症。
ABSTRACT: German winemakers have become the latest in Europe to raise concerns over an Asian fruit fly that causes grapes to rot in the vineyards.
摘要：一种亚洲果蝇目前侵袭了欧洲葡萄园，导致葡萄果实腐烂，德国的酿酒商最近对此颇为关注。
ABSTRACT: German winemakers have become the latest in Europe to raise concerns over an Asian fruit fly that causes grapes to rot in the vineyards.
摘要：一种亚洲果蝇目前侵袭了欧洲葡萄园，导致葡萄果实腐烂，德国的酿酒商最近对此颇为关注。
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