In chapter 4, laser cooling and trapping and applications of ultracold atoms are reviewed. The beam and atom interaction theory is analyzed.
第四章针对空心光束的应用，综述了激光与原子相互作用的物理机制，分析了空心光束冷却原子的机理以及研究动态。
The principle and experiment of fabricating Nanometer patterns are studied primarily based on the principle of laser cooling and trapping atoms.
基于激光冷却和捕获原子的原理，初步探讨了利用原子进行纳米量级图形制作的基本原理和实验研究。
The principle and experiment of fabricating Nanometer patterns are studied primarily based on the principle of laser cooling and trapping atoms.
基于激光冷却和捕获原子的原理，初步探讨了利用原子进行纳米量级图形制作的基本原理和实验研究。
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