Abstract Objective to review the reconstruction for large defect after ablation of tumor in oral cavity or oral pharynx, and analyse the factors which effect the flap? Related complications.

摘要目的总结口腔口咽肿瘤切除后较大缺损的修复方法，讨论影响组织瓣相关并发症的因素。

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The 2004 Surgeon General's report adds more evidence to previous conclusions that smoking causes cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, lung and bladder.

2004年，公共卫生部部长的报告里针对先前的结论增加了更多证据证明吸烟导致口腔癌、咽癌、喉癌、食道癌、肺癌和膀胱癌。

youdao

The 2004 Surgeon General's report adds more evidence to previous conclusions that smoking causes cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, lung and bladder.

2004年，公共卫生部部长的报告里针对先前的结论增加了更多证据证明吸烟导致口腔癌、咽癌、喉癌、食道癌、肺癌和膀胱癌。

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