Simile is based on a comparison between two things or phenomena that have certain characteristics in common and indicates the similarity relationship of the signified and the signifier.
明喻是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比说明本体和喻体之间的相类关系。
The natural relationship between the signifier and the signified is iconicity.
能指和所指之间存在的自然关系叫做象似性。
The relationship between the signified and signifier is at random and in differentia as well.
能指与所指的关系是任意的、差异的，这种关系的本质决定了它们指向的同时又相互消解；
So that what's new in Saussure's thinking about the relationship between signified and signifier is that the sign tied up in this relationship is both arbitrary and differential.
这就是索绪尔所贡献的了，能指和所指的关系，也就是符号的组成方式，是任意的，有差别的。
From the 1960s, more and more linguists come to realize that the relationship between signifier and its signified cannot be generalized merely as arbitrariness and they dwell on language iconicity.
自从二十世纪六十年代以来，越来越多的语言学家意识到能指和所指之间的关系不能仅仅被概括为任意性，并就语言象似性展开了深入讨论。
From the 1960s, more and more linguists come to realize that the relationship between signifier and its signified cannot be generalized merely as arbitrariness and they dwell on language iconicity.
自从二十世纪六十年代以来，越来越多的语言学家意识到能指和所指之间的关系不能仅仅被概括为任意性，并就语言象似性展开了深入讨论。
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