Replacing multi-dose vials with single-dose vials
以单剂量瓶取代多剂量瓶
What would be the environmental impact of switching to single-dose vials only?
转为仅采用单剂瓶会对环境造成什么影响？
The majority of industrialized countries now use single-dose vials for routine immunization.
目前，大部分工业化国家的常规免疫均使用单剂小瓶。
There would also be environmental costs if all multi-dose vials were replaced with single-dose vials.
如果多剂量瓶被单剂量瓶取代，还将带来环境代价。
The treatments are stored frozen in single-dose vials, ready for use on an off-the-shelf basis for that patient.
药品制备好后就按单次应用剂量分装在小瓶内，冰冻保存，患者需要使用时就取一小瓶即可。
The environmental cost of replacing all multi-dose vials with single-dose vials must be taken into consideration.
必须将以单剂瓶取代所有多剂量瓶的环境成本考虑在内。
This would be time consuming and expensive to implement and it may not be possible to produce sufficient single-dose product to ensure uninterrupted global supply.
实施起来既耗时又昂贵，并有可能无法生产足够的单剂量产品来确保全球的不间断供应。
Data reported from several studies have shown vaccine efficacy to be between 80% and 99% following single-dose vaccination and 98% or greater with 2 doses of the vaccine.
来自多项研究的数据表明，单剂接种的疫苗有效性为80% - 99%，2剂接种的有效性则达到98%以上。
Current WHO estimates suggest that the vaccine storage requirements would at least double if only single-dose presentations were used (WHO vaccine volume calculator, March 2011).
目前，世卫组织估计表明，如果仅提供单剂疫苗，那么疫苗的存储需求将至少是现在的两倍(世卫组织疫苗量计算工具，2011年3月)。
While several other manufacturers make similar JE vaccines, the new single-dose Chinese product is the first to be approved for paediatric use and paves the way for cut-price generic competition.
虽然还有数家企业也在生产乙脑疫苗，但中国产的这款单剂型疫苗是首个获批用于儿童患者身上的此类疫苗，这为该产品参与低价非专利药竞争铺平了道路。
Meeting the vaccine needs of all countries in a preservative-free single-dose format, as opposed to multi-dose presentations, would require a significant increase in manufacturers' filling capacity.
相对多剂量提供方式而言，要满足所有国家无防腐剂形式的单剂疫苗需求就要求制造商大幅提高灌装能力。
Earlier research has shown that an inexpensive single dose of an antiretroviral can reduce HIV transmission from mother to child during pregnancy or delivery.
早先的研究已经表明，便宜的单剂量抗逆转病毒疗法可以减少怀孕或分娩期间母亲对婴儿的艾滋病病毒传染。
"We're looking at the direct effect of a single dose of paroxetine," says van der Veen, who adds that the findings might help explain why some people report blunted emotions when taking SSRIs.
范·德·维恩表示“我们正在观察单剂量帕罗西汀的直接疗效”，他补充说这些发现也许会帮助解释为何一些人在服用血清再吸收抑制剂时报告有迟钝情绪。
Removing thiomersal completely from vaccines would require either using alternative preservatives or using preservative-free single dose vaccines exclusively.
如果将硫柳汞完全从疫苗中去掉，则需要使用替代防腐剂，或完全使用不含防腐剂的单剂疫苗。
Even a single dose of another drug, nevirapine, halves the risk of an infected mother passing the virus to her baby. More extensive courses can reduce the risk by 90%.
使用另一种药物nevirapine，即使单剂量就能将患病母亲传染婴儿的危险降低一半，更长的疗程可以将危险降低90%。
If only a single dose is required, that means vaccines could yield protection within three to four weeks after inoculation, instead of the six to eight weeks it would take if two doses were needed.
如果只要求单次剂量，就意味着在接种之后3- 4周疫苗产生保护，取代两次注射需要6- 8周才能产生保护。
Even a single dose of another drug, nevirapine, halves the risk of an infected mother passing the virus to her baby.
只需要一个剂量的奈韦拉平就可以将母亲传染HIV病毒给孩子的几率降低一半。
Fortunately, like most thyroid cancer patients, she needed only a single dose of radiation to get rid of the cancer.
幸运的是，和大多数罹患甲状腺癌的患者一样，她只需要单剂放疗即可摆脱癌症的困扰。
Inorganic arsenic in a single dose of about 100 milligrams can kill by shutting down energy metabolism.
无机砷在单剂量100毫克可以通过减弱能量代谢的进程使人致死。
Although the most effective treatment involves a combination of drugs taken over a long period, even a single dose of treatment can cut the transmission rate by half.
虽然最有效的治疗方法是长期使用联合药物，但单剂量的治疗也能减少一半的感染几率。
Yaws can be treated with a single dose of a cheap and effective antibiotic: Benzathine Penicillin injection cures the disease.
治疗雅司病只需要一剂便宜且有效的抗菌素-注射苄星青霉素可以治愈该疾病。
Five oral liquid formulations were included for children - three for epilepsy, one for children born prematurely, and one new medicine for HIV/AIDS, although in single dose.
列入了供儿童使用的五种口服液体制剂 –三种用于癫痫、一种用于早产儿童以及一种用于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的新药品，虽然只有单一剂量。
A single dose is less likely to stain teeth in children or produce adverse reactions.
这种剂量不太可能污染儿童的牙齿或者产生不良反应。
Then the cycle was adjusted and rats were required to press the lever twice to get a single dose.
接着，调整实验条件，小鼠们必须按操作杆两次才能得到一剂药物。
Single dose injection method is used for substances with slow renal excretion rate.
单个剂量注射法，这可用于肾排泄率缓慢的试验物质。
Conclusion Our study showed that a single dose of cetuximab has a significant impact on the expression of genes involved in tumor proliferation and inflammation.
结论：我们的研究显示单次剂量的西妥昔单抗可以明显影响肿瘤增殖和炎症基因的表达。
A single dose of 1,000 millisieverts — or one sievert — causes temporary radiation sickness such as nausea and vomiting.
单次摄入1000微西或1西弗会暂时引起一些辐射病如晕暄和呕吐。
A single dose of 1,000 millisieverts — or one sievert — causes temporary radiation sickness such as nausea and vomiting.
单次摄入1000微西或1西弗会暂时引起一些辐射病如晕暄和呕吐。
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