Pattern Formation and Slime Molds.
模式形成与黏菌。
他们就是黏菌（slime molds）。
Eventually, acellular slime molds also make spores.
最终，非细胞黏菌也会产生孢子。
Dictyostelium belongs to one of the two great branches of slime molds.
盘基网柄菌属于黏菌两个大型分支当中的一个。
Building networks sometimes requires tough decisions from slime molds.
建立网络有时需要黏菌做出艰难的决定。
Finding new species of slime molds will let scientists test these possibilities, Dr. Baldauf said.
新黏菌品种的发现将给科学家提供机会验证这些可能性，巴尔道夫博士说。
Slime molds then devour many of the bacteria, releasing their nutrients for other organisms to grow on.
黏菌随后会吞食掉许多细菌，释放出他们的营养物质供其他有机体生长。
Its branch is known as the cellular slime molds, because its spore and stalk are made out of many cells.
这个分支叫做细胞黏菌(cellular slime molds)，因为其孢子和柄由许多细胞组成。
Despite their name, slime molds are not related to bread mold or the black mold that grows in damp houses.
尽管有着霉菌一样的名字，黏菌可跟面包的霉点或者长在阴暗潮湿的房子里的黑色霉菌没关系。
Had no water layer here, and if there is not enough water and soil, slime molds will enter the sleep state.
本来这里的土层没有水源，如果没有足够的水源和土壤，黏菌会进入休眠状态。
The traits that slime molds share in common, like making spores, may have first evolved as they came ashore.
黏菌的共同特征，像产生孢子，可能是在到达陆地后最先进化的。
If you removed those slime molds, the whole earth's ecosystems would be very different, "Dr." Stephenson said.
“如果除去那些黏菌，整个地球的生态系统将会完全变样，”斯蒂芬森博士说。
If you removed those slime molds, the whole earth's ecosystems would be very different, "Dr. Stephenson said."
“如果除去那些黏菌，整个地球的生态系统将会完全变样，”斯蒂芬森博士说。
Humans and slime molds alike choose according to relative values, rather than trying to calculate absolute ones.
人类和黏菌一样，会依据相对价值进行选择，而不是试图计算绝对价值。
Slime molds are also present in huge Numbers: There may be thousands of individual slime molds in a pinch of soil.
黏菌也以庞大的数量出现：一小块土壤里可能会有成千上万的黏菌个体。
While naturalists have known of slime molds for centuries, only now are scientists really starting to understand them.
自然学家发现黏菌的存在已有数百年了，但直到今天才真正开始了解它们。
Even if the slime molds die to form a stalk, many of their genes are passed on to the next generation through their kin.
即使黏菌为形成柄而死亡，它们的很多基因也会通过亲属传给下一代。
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston recently figured out part of the way the slime molds tell kin from strangers.
休斯顿贝勒医学院的研究人员近日就发现了其中的一部分。
If slime molds arrived on land close to a billion years ago, they may well have colonized continents that were home only to films of bacteria.
如果黏菌是在将近10亿年前来到陆地上的话，他们很可能对当时只存在细菌的大陆进行了殖民。
Biologists have found slime molds in Antarctica, in barren deserts, high in the canopies of jungles and even on the leaves of household plants.
生物学家在南极洲、贫瘠的沙漠、丛林的树冠、甚至家居植物的叶片上发现了黏菌。
Eventually, acellular slime molds also make spores. They produce tens of thousands of stalks, and the spores that cap them blow away in the wind.
最终，非细胞黏菌也会产生孢子。他们会形成数万条柄，覆盖在顶端的孢子将随风飘散。
The giant acellular slime molds chose a different strategy, spreading their bodies across huge areas, and making spores across their entire surface.
庞大的非细胞黏菌则采取不同的策略，他们大面积地铺展开来，在整个表面产生孢子。
By observing the external and internal structure and separating cultivation, the surface of the object has many kinds of fruit body of slime molds.
通过对“不明生物体”表层、内层结构和分离培养的观察，物体表层有多种粘菌子实体；
Since all known slime molds live on land, that suggests that they were early pioneers, arriving hundreds of millions of years before animals or plants.
所有已知的黏菌都生活在陆地，表明他们是地球早期的开拓者，比动植物早数亿年。
The slime molds grew tendrils to both foods, but adjusted their sizes to get the best balance of protein and carbohydrates that allowed them to grow fastest.
黏菌朝两份食物都伸出卷须，但调整了卷须的大小，以实现最利于它们生长的蛋白质和碳水化合物的最佳平衡。
When plants and animals die, microbes break them down; slime molds then devour many of the bacteria, releasing their nutrients for other organisms to grow on.
动植物死亡后，被微生物分解；黏菌随后会吞食掉许多细菌，释放出他们的营养物质供其他有机体生长。
Scientists know a lot about the two lab-friendly species Physarum and Dictyostelium, but they still know very little about the many other slime molds on earth.
科学家对于实验室经常使用的两种黏菌—绒泡菌和盘基网柄菌—已经十分了解，对于地球上的其他黏菌却知之甚少。
Andrew Adamatzky, a researcher at the University of West England, has been watching slime molds since 2006, finding inspirations in their growth for designing computer software.
西英格兰大学研究员安德鲁·亚达马特兹基(Andrew Adamatzky)自2006年以来一直在观察黏菌，并从它们的生长中得到设计计算机软件的灵感。
Andrew Adamatzky, a researcher at the University of West England, has been watching slime molds since 2006, finding inspirations in their growth for designing computer software.
西英格兰大学研究员安德鲁·亚达马特兹基(Andrew Adamatzky)自2006年以来一直在观察黏菌，并从它们的生长中得到设计计算机软件的灵感。
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