The unique character of Xianggong of Song is one reason but not the only one in this affair. Hong Battle reflects the complex historical situation in the early years of Spring and Autumn Period.
宋襄公独特的个性是事件的原因之一，但此事最终不是能由个人性格说明的，从泓之战可以看出春秋初年复杂的历史变局。
The unique character of Xianggong of Song is one reason but not the only one in this affair. Hong Battle reflects the complex historical situation in the early years of Spring and Autumn Period.
宋襄公独特的个性是事件的原因之一，但此事最终不是能由个人性格说明的，从泓之战可以看出春秋初年复杂的历史变局。
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