The concept of holism permeates through all the fields in TCM, including physiology, pathology, diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and treatment.

整体观念贯穿于中医生理、病理、诊法、辨证和治疗的各个方面。

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21st century learning draws upon the concept of holism, the Aristotelian idea that systems can only be understood by looking at them as a whole, and not simply by investigating their parts.

21世纪学习借鉴了整体论的概念，也就是亚里士多德的理论——只有整体的观察系统，才能理解它，而不能只研究它们的组成部分。

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21st century learning draws upon the concept of holism, the Aristotelian idea that systems can only be understood by looking at them as a whole, and not simply by investigating their parts.

21世纪学习借鉴了整体论的概念，也就是亚里士多德的理论——只有整体的观察系统，才能理解它，而不能只研究它们的组成部分。

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