Fifteen years ago, the Harvard sociologist William Julius Wilson published When Work Disappears, focused on the new urban poor.
15年前，哈佛大学社会学家WilliamJuliusWilson出版了《工作消失之时》一书，主要探讨了新城市贫民问题。
But the new group of the urban poor has moved down from the middle or higher social positions to the lower ones.
作者认为，新城市贫困群体包括了三个方面的社会属性：他们的社会经济地位非常低下；
Prior to his move to New York, he was staff of the World Bank in Africa, where he worked on policies and programs to improve water services to the urban poor in East Africa Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania.
在搬到纽约之前，他曾为世界银行非洲项目工作，从事政策研究和在东非肯尼亚、乌干达、坦桑尼亚等国为城市贫民改善生活用水服务方面的项目。
They suggest fortifications against a contemporary marauder: the speculators who have so often forced the poor out of urban neighborhoods to make way for new development.
这些“土楼”似乎是抵御当代盗匪的堡垒：如今的投机商经常把穷人赶出城市居住区，以便给新的开发项目让路。
They suggest fortifications against a contemporary marauder: the speculators who have so often forced the poor out of urban neighborhoods to make way for new development.
这些“土楼”似乎是抵御当代盗匪的堡垒：如今的投机商经常把穷人赶出城市居住区，以便给新的开发项目让路。
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