If identical twins are more similar to each other with respect to an ailment than fraternal twins are, then vulnerability to the disease must be rooted at least in part in heredity.
如果同卵双胞胎彼此在疾病方面比异卵双胞胎更相似，那么这种疾病的易感性至少在一定程度上是由遗传造成的。
The scientists made this conclusion based on the fact that identical twins performed much more similarly than fraternal twins.
同卵双生双胞胎比以卵双生双胞胎的心智状况更为接近，科学家据此得出上述结论。
The study found that the likelihood of both twins being affected by autism was higher among identical than fraternal twins.
该项研究发现，同卵双胞胎的两个双胞胎儿都患有自闭症的可能性比异卵双胞胎的大。
Identical twins share identical genetic makeup, while fraternal twins are only as genetically similar as any two siblings.
同卵双胞胎具有相同的基因组成，而异卵双胞胎只是像其他任何两个兄弟姐妹一样基因相似。
The researchers had 102 pairs of identical twins and 71 pairs of fraternal twins look at 20 different images of faces for about a second each.
研究人员让102同卵双胞胎和71对异卵双胞胎看20张不同面孔的图像，每张展示1秒钟。
The surprise came when Stanford researchers found a greater number of fraternal twins shared autism than identical twins.
令斯坦福的研究者惊奇的是，后一种双胞胎共患自闭症的情况更多。
Identical twins are genetic duplicates, while fraternal twins share only about half their genes and are no more genetically alike than ordinary siblings are.
同卵双胞胎的基因完全一样；异卵双胞胎的基因只有一半完全一样；异卵双胞胎的基因恐怕并不比普通兄弟姐妹之间的基因更加相似。
But importantly, the chance of both twins being affected by autism was not low among fraternal twins, which is counter to what would be expected if genetics were the dominant factor.
但重要的是，在异卵双胞胎中，两个孩子同都患自闭症的概率也不低，如果基因因素是主要因素，那么这种情况就与我们期望的结果是相反的。
In other words, their senses of what was fair were similar. No such correlations were seen in the behaviour of fraternal twins.
换句话说，他们的公平感是很相似的，而在异卵双生的双胞胎中就没有发现这样的关系。
Identical twins share all of their genes and fraternal twins share only about half.
同卵双胞胎的基因完全相同，而异卵双胞胎只有大约一半的基因相同。
At the end of the PRECOMPILE step, you have two entities-fraternal twins.
在PRECOMPILE这一步的最后，您会得到两个实体，这两个实体就像双胞胎一样。
The largest study of its kind, the research focused on autism in 192 pairs of twins - 54 identical, 138 fraternal.
这是规模最大的此类研究，调查集中在192对双胞胎的自闭症问题——54对同卵双胞胎，138对异卵双胞胎。
First, we know that many parents make bad guesses about their children's genetic connection-thinking that fraternal twins are actually identical ones, or vice versa.
首先，很多父母都没有把孩子们的基因联系搞清楚，认为异卵双胞胎是同卵双胞胎——或者刚好相反。
As expected, the rates among fraternal twins were lower: 31 percent of males and 36 percent of females.
而正如意料之中的那样，异卵双胞胎中这个概率就低一些，为31%的男性和36%的女性。
The study also found that autism rates among both identical and fraternal twins were higher than in the general population.
该研究还发现，自闭症在同卵和异卵双胞胎中的发生率均高于一般人群。
If the identical twins came up with the same answers more often than the fraternal twins did, then it's more likely that genes were the reason.
如果同卵双胞胎给出相同答案的比率高于异卵双胞胎的，那么很大可能是基因造成了这一结果。
If identical twins are more alike than fraternal twins, therefore, we conclude that the trait under consideration is to some degree inherited.
如果同卵双胞胎在某个特定的性格特征上较异卵双胞胎表现出更大的相似性。那么我们就可以确定，该性格特征或多或少受到了遗传的影响。
Their cohort included a national sample of 4,674 Australians from the Australian twin Registry cohort II. Subjects included both identical and fraternal twins; 57 percent were women.
他们的研究群体包括一个来自于澳大利亚双胞胎注册组群中4674人的样本，包括同卵双生和异卵双生的双胞胎，其中57%是女人，平均年龄38岁。
Their cohort included a national sample of 4, 674 Australians from the Australian Twin Registry Cohort II. Subjects included both identical and fraternal twins; 57 percent were women.
他们的研究群体包括一个来自于澳大利亚双胞胎注册组群中4674人的样本，包括同卵双生和异卵双生的双胞胎，其中57%是女人，平均年龄38岁。
To do so, they studied more than 3700 pairs of twins, both identical and fraternal twins, from age seven to ten.
为了做这些，他们研究了超过3700对双胞胎，清一色的兄弟双胞胎，年龄在7到10岁之间。
For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that compared more than 1,000 identical and fraternal twins.
在这项研究中，他们和加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的克里斯托弗•道维斯使用了一项全国性数据，这项数据对1000多对同卵及异卵双胞胎的基因进行了对比。
For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that compared more than 1, 000 identical and fraternal twins.
在这项研究中，他们和加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的克里斯托弗•道维斯使用了一项全国性数据，这项数据对1000多对同卵及异卵双胞胎的基因进行了对比。
In an umber of studies of identical and fraternal twins, researchers have examined the role genetics plays in happiness and unhappiness.
通过对同卵和异卵双胞胎的大量研究，研究人员分析了愉悦和不快的情感发生中，遗传学所起的作用。
If identical twins are more similar than fraternal twins, this means genes affect the trait, ie it is heritable.
如果同卵双生比异卵双生更相似，这就意味着基因影响了性状，例如遗传性。
In other words, identical twins were more likely to play with the same strategy than fraternal twins.
换言之，与异卵双胞胎相比，同卵双胞胎在游戏中更有可能采取相同的方式。
Because identical twins share the same genes and fraternal twins do not, the researchers could identify common genes that result in certain personality traits and predispose people to happiness.
由于同卵双生的双胞胎基因完全相同，而异卵双胞胎不完全相同，所以研究人员可以分辨出决定某些性格特征及使人容易快乐的共同基因。
Because identical twins share the same genes and fraternal twins do not, the researchers could identify common genes that result in certain personality traits and predispose people to happiness.
由于同卵双生的双胞胎基因完全相同，而异卵双胞胎不完全相同，所以研究人员可以分辨出决定某些性格特征及使人容易快乐的共同基因。
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