本文在锻造新工艺理论与技术的指导下，应用三维弹塑性有限元研究了拔长和倒棱工序。
Guided by the new forging theories and technologies, 3d elastoplastic FEM is applied to research of stretching and chamfering.
钢锹热处理采用锻造余热等温淬火新工艺，并通过设备改造保证其质量，达到节能降耗的目的。
New forged austempering technology is used in steel spade heat treating for energy-saving and the quality of the treated spade is guaranteed in a retrofitted equipment.
因此，新工艺路线具有工艺目的明确，锻造阶段性强，工艺参数全局优化的特色。
As a result, the new process is of explicit purpose, marked forging stages and global process parameters optimization.
通过计算机仿真设计和优化，提出了扳手生产的新的锻造加工工艺，该新工艺用楔横轧精确制坯实现了优化目标。
A new forging technology is proposed, in which computer simulative design and computer optimization are applied to exact preforge through transverse rolling.
通过计算机仿真设计和优化，提出了扳手生产的新的锻造加工工艺，该新工艺用楔横轧精确制坯实现了优化目标。
A new forging technology is proposed, in which computer simulative design and computer optimization are applied to exact preforge through transverse rolling.
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