You may have noticed in your Wimsatt essay that there is a footnote to somebody named Joel Spingarn who wrote an essay called "The New Criticism" in 1924.
你们可能还注意到了,上一篇关于文萨特的文章中,有一个脚注提到了一个叫乔·斯宾加恩的人,这个人在1924年写过一篇文章也叫做《新批评》
Joe, I've known since I was like, like 12 years old, so he's a good friend.
乔,我从12岁就认识他了,我们是很好的朋友。
So, you take a sentence like -This is a classic line from Groucho Marx: "I once shot an elephant in my pajamas.
举例来说,这是《格劳乔·马克斯》的经典台词,"我曾在我的睡衣里射杀了一头大象
None of England's pre-Miltonic poets -- Chaucer, Spenser, Shakespeare had dared to suggest -- and it would never have occurred to them to suggest that theirs was actually a divine vocation.
在弥尔顿之前,包括乔叟,斯潘塞和莎士比亚,没人敢这么说-他们从不敢,说自己的职业是神圣的。
If you want a slightly tougher book, more rigorous book, try Joel Watson's book, Strategies.
要是你想要一本更难更有挑战的,试试乔尔?沃森的《策略》
You woke up this morning thinking I'm the very same person Joe, Linda, Sally, whatever it is the very same person who was in class yesterday.
你今天早上醒来,觉得我还是我,乔,琳达,莎莉,无论是谁,和昨天来上课的人是同一个。
One is people must have had an incredible amount of confidence in Jonas Salk.
乔那斯?索尔克这个人,有着强大的自信
So Joe I would say, what would you call yourself, a compassionate quasi-libertarian?
乔,你会如何称呼自己,慈悲的自由主义者吗?
In fact, the work is a kind of philosophical odyssey that both imitates Homer, but also anticipates other great odysseys of the human mind, works by those like Cervantes or Joyce.
事实上,这部作品多少像是哲学的探索过程,双双仿效荷马,但也为其它的人性探索过程,预做了准备,作品可参见塞万提斯及乔依斯的著作。
He and a number of other writers like, for example, the Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben, are the figures whom we identify with what's called "the ethical turn" in thinking about texts, literature and other matters that is very much of the current moment.
他和其他的一些作家,比如说,意大利哲学家吉奥乔阿冈本,在文本,文学“,等方面的思考,被称为,“伦理转向“
Now the master of syncopation, of course, in music was Scott Joplin, African American composer writing a lot around the area of St. Louis in the turn of the twentieth century.
说到使用切分音的大师,我们自然想到斯考特·乔普林,是位多产的美国黑人作曲家,二十世纪初居住在圣路易斯地区
Joe, so if you had to spend the rest of your life on a farm in Kansas with only Shakespeare or the collected episodes of The Simpsons, you would prefer Shakespeare?
乔,所以如果你只能在堪萨斯农场里,带着莎士比亚的作品,或《辛普森一家》全集,共度你的余生,你会选择莎士比亚?
Who wants to reply to Joe? Yes, go ahead.
有人想反驳乔吗,你请说。
All right, Is there anyone who disagrees with Joe and who thinks that our experiment disproves Mill's test, shows that that's not an adequate way, that you can't distinguish higher pleasures within the utilitarian framework?
好,有没有人不同意乔,谁认为我们的实验推翻了穆勒的检验,说明它并不足以证明,在功利主义范畴内可以分辨出高级快乐?
My name is Joe and I collect skateboards.
我名叫乔,我收集滑板。
Why is it theft, Joe?
为什么是盗窃呢,乔?
So without giving away my age too much-- I guess it will actually--when I was a kid growing up in England, there was this guy - there was a pop star-- a slightly post-punk pop star called Joe Jackson, who none of you would have heard of, because you were all about ten years old, my fault.
虽然我不想透露我的年龄,但也没办法,我从小在英格兰长大,当时有一个流行歌手,他叫乔?杰克森,后朋克歌手,我估计你们都没听说,因为他红的时候你们才十多岁
Be honest, how many of you have heard of Joe Jackson?
坦白说,多少人知道乔?杰克森
Joe says it is theft, maybe in an extreme case it's justified, maybe a parent is justified in stealing a loaf of bread to feed his or her hungry family.
乔说这是盗窃,但在极端情况下也许可以原谅,例如为了养活饥饿的家人,而去偷面包的家长。
Jonas Salk, who probably you've heard the name, was a physician who, at the time thought, "Well if we can make large quantities of this virus then perhaps we can make it into a vaccine."
乔那斯?索尔克,你们可能听说过他,他是一名内科医生,在当时认为,如果我们可以制造大量病毒,那么我们或许可以使其转化为疫苗
He agrees that it's theft. He's more demanding than Joe.
他同意这是盗窃,而且比乔苛刻。
Here you are, you're working for Mckinsey, you've been hired by Joe Smith and Ann blogs to figure out their strategy, working on a problem in a team on working on my homework assignments.
你是在为麦肯锡工作,你被乔史密斯和安博客录用,帮他们寻找合理策略,或者在学习小组里一起做作业
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