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In 1889, the German Government decided to use the postal service as an information network to create Social Security.
889年，德国政府决定将邮政用作,建立的社会保障的信息网络。
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And here, they're geared more towards just making sure that everyone is okay,
在法学院，这些政策是为了保障每个人都安然无恙，
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If you put a property up as collateral, then the lender knows that they can get the money back from you.
如果你以资产作抵押,贷方就知道债务偿还有了保障
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So even social security would still be at odds with the minimal state that Milton Friedman argued for.
因此即使是社会保障,也是弗里德曼主张的“小政府“所反对的。
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Middle east oil is critical to the rise of India and China, and in that sense it's very much part of the economic process.
中东石油,对于中印的崛起非常关键，因此它是东南亚经济发展的,重大保障。
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The problem is feeding all of these people, how are you going to feed them?
而他们的后勤保障成为了大问题,该如何供养他们
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If you will buy stock in an electrical utility which has a guaranteed revenue stream, because no matter how bad the economy gets, a lot of people still use electricity, you don't expect it to fluctuate a lot.
如果你在有着,保障性年收入的电气供应股票投资，因为不管经济变得怎么查，人们还得用电，它不会降多少。
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There is no basis for individual rights, or for a critique of existing ideas and institutions, if there is no base either in religion or in reason.
如果没有宗教和理性,人权以及对现有思想和制度的批判,也就没有了保障
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Of course the physical work of securing the food has changed a lot.
当然,食品供应保障也有很大的变化
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This seems in many ways to be quite far from the American democracy based on constitutional government, systems of checks and balances, protection of individual rights, and so on.
这似乎在很多方面,有别于美式民主,后者的根基是宪制政府，制衡体系，保障个人权利等。
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The idea was you have to do something that has lot more job securities, something that will bring in a steady income.
作为一个穆斯林，你就应该,做一份比较有保障，收入稳定的工作。
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You can pick out words that are identical. The purpose of the law is to "establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty."
你可以找出完全相同的话，法律的目的是,“树立正义，保障国内的安宁，建立共同的国防,增进全民福利和确保我们自己及我们後代,能安享自由带来的幸福“
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The question of providential justice is of course of primary significance to Milton's poem, but Hartman goes on to say that the moon, which reminds us of a calm and perfect sense of Providence, also works to guarantee the principal of free will.
这里，关于天佑的公平的问题,是其对于弥尔顿的诗最基本的重要性，但是哈特曼接着又说月亮是，这提醒了我们天意的冷静和完美感，月亮在这儿也是为了保障自由意志的原则。
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You kept your Social Security card and you pasted stamps on it that proved that you paid it.
你取得社会保障卡,并将邮票贴在上面,以此来证明你已支付过钱。
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There are lots of costs, so you want to have a loan-to-value ratio, which is sufficiently low, that the collateral will cover the value of the loan.
那是一大笔开销,因此你要设定一个足够低的,贷款价值比率,使得抵押物价值能够为贷款提供保障
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What worries you about America today, terrorism, wars in Iraq, Afghanistan, economy, the deficit, medicare, social security or America's place in the world, which many say sliping or begining to slip?
今天的美国哪些地方让你担心呢，恐怖主义，对伊拉克和阿富汗战争，经济，赤字，医疗保险，社会保障,还是美国的国际地位，有人称美国的地位正在或开始下滑？
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Therefore, he lacked the protection of Athenian citizenship.
所以，他并没有,雅典公民权的保障。
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consumer protection that it would make sure that businesses are protecting individuals.
保障消费者权益,他将保证每个消费者在商业行为中,都能得到保护。
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The whole idea of insurance is that you take from your good years and you move it into your bad years so that you make it through all your years.
保险的中心思想是,牺牲好年景的部分财富为坏年景提供保障,这样你就不再忧虑年景的好坏
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This invention of social security is well over one hundred years old, but I think that, because of the rapid advance of information technology, we're going to see a lot more progress.
社会保障的这种发明,已经经过了一百多年，但我觉得,由于信息技术的飞速发展，我们将会看到许多的进步。
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One example he gives is social security.
他以社会保障为例。
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I want to talk about Social Security as a risk management technique that developed in the nineteenth century and it developed in Germany.
我想谈谈社会保障,作为19世纪出现的,一种风险管理技巧,它最早出现在德国。
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I'm not going to stress public finance so much in this course but it seems-- I'm going to give the example of nineteenth century information technology and the nineteenth century invention of social security.
在这课上我不想过多强调,财政的重要性-,我将给大家举个例子,关于19世纪的信息技术,和19世纪社会保障的创新。
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The state of nature fully continues, in many ways, oddly even in civil society, he says, whenever we have reason to believe that our lives or our properties or ourselves are not secure.
从很多方面来说，自然状态，即使在文明社会里也显得奇怪，不论我们是否有理由相信我们有生活,生命和财产财产安全的保障。
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He seems, in this way, to anticipate what we might think of as the modern welfare state that public assistance be provided, and the poor, not simply depend on the private goodwill of the others.
如此看来,霍布斯已经预见到了,我们现代社会国家福利制度的出现，穷人不只依靠个人的善意施舍度日,更多的是求助于国家提供的福利保障。
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But, I think there will be great opportunities ahead for you and the ability for Wall Street to again securitize and buy a lot of these companies If you have capital, you'll be able to buy these bonds.
但是，我认为在你们未来的道路上将会有很多的机会,华尔街也将会有能力再次保障,或购买很多这样的公司的,如果你有资金的话，你就可以买这些债券。
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So we are not going to do this Something will have to break within the next 20 years Are we getting our moneys worse for the healthcare that we get for those of us who are fortunate enough to get healthcare.
我们不会这样做,在之后的20年内,这个规则将被打破,对于我们这些,有医疗保障的幸运者,我们是不是因为医疗保障,所以没有很好的使用我们的钱。
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And in social security, I thought, we had the right plan for dealing with the long-term crisis that the program is in.
我认为在社会保障项目方面,我们拥有正确的计划应对,这一项目面临的长期危机。
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There is punishment and before you know it, everybody is insecure in the enjoyment of his or her unalienable rights to life, liberty, and property.
就能惩罚他，不知不觉间，所有人不可剥夺的生命，自由,和财产权都没了保障。
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That's an example; you see how information technology created a Social Security system.
这个例子中你们可以看出信息技术,是如何创造出社会保障体系的。
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