Sometimes we have a very electronegative atom that's going to take more of its equal share of electron density.
有时候我们会有一个电负性很高的原子,它将会获取更多的共用电子密度。
When you live in the dorms, there's a floors called halls,
若你住在宿舍里,有些层会有共用厅,
A covalent bond is any time we have a pair of electrons that is shared between two different atoms.
所谓共价键就是我们有两个原子,共用一对电子。
If so,how many chords are involved in this chord change and are they changing at a regular or irregular rate?
是否有和弦的转变,这次和弦转变一共用了多少和弦,他们的变化率是规则还是不规则的?
And we can do the same thing with, well, we're going to do it with nitrogen in a minute, but this is a case where we have two atoms sharing electrons.
然后同样的,我们也可以很快的对氮气进行类似的处理,但是这是共用电子,的双原子例子。
So, we have a lot of shared rooms which helps
所以,我们有很多共用的房间,这有益于分配空间,
And you'd also have baths; that is, public places, sometimes where only men could go, or sometimes women could go, or sometimes they would be mixed in some places.
还有浴室;,这是公共场所,有时只有男子能去,有时女子能去,有时可以男女共用。
So, shared electrons are the ones that are shared between the carbon and the nitrogen, so we have 6 shared electrons, and we want to take 1/2 of that.
共用电子是那些在碳和氮之间,被它们共用的电子,那么我们有六个共用电子,然后我们要给它乘上二分之一。
And the key word for covalent bonds is the idea of being shared.
而关于共价键最关键的一点就在于共用的概念。
The bond is the electron pairs.
键就是共用电子对。
So for example, that might have a formal charge of negative 1, because to some extent it has gained that much electron density that it now has a formal charge that's negative.
比如,可能它的形式电荷为负一,因为在一定程度上它得到了这么多的共用电子密度,那么它现在就有了负的形式电荷。
And, if they don't share equally, then the individual bonds might have different energies.
如果他们不是等价的共用,个别的键,可能有不同的键能。
I heard some people say one, and that's a good guess, remember they're actually sharing. So these two electrons, they belong to chlorine, they also belong to hydrogen, but they do, in fact, belong to chlorine as well.
我听到有些人说的是一个,这是个很好的猜测,但要记得它们其实是被共用的,因此有两个电子,它们属于氯,同时也属于氢,但实际上它们也属于氯。
So as we said when we first introduced covalent bonds, it's a sharing of electrons, but it's not always an equal sharing.
当我们刚开始介绍共价键的时候,我们说过电子是被共用的,但是共用却不一定是均等的。
And then we end up having 6 shared electrons, 2 from each of the bonds, so we end up with a formal charge on sulfur of plus 1.
然后我们有六个共用电子,每个键两个,因此最终硫的形式电荷量为正一。
Remember, every time we have two electrons that are being shared, that's a single bond.
还记得,每次我们有两个电子被共用,我们就有了一个单键。
And he actually proposed sharing - unequal sharing of electrons.
他也确实研究了-,不等性共用电子。
So in terms of nitrogen that starts off with a valence number of 5, again we have 2 lone pair electrons in the nitrogen, and again, we have 6 electrons that are shared.
对于氮来说,我们应该从五个价电子开始,同样,氮也有两个孤对电子,共用电子的个数也一样,是六个。
They are perfectly shared between the two nitrogens.
电子是被两个氮完全平均共用的。
That's a tricky one, shared electrons. All right.
这个有点难度,是共用的电子,好。
So, we see is when we use the octet rule to look at fluorine molecule, we're combining two fluorine atoms, and what we end up with is an f f molecule where they're sharing two electrons, so making that covalent bond.
那么,我们看到把八隅体规则用到氟分子上,就是把两个氟原子组合起来,最终得到的氟分子中两个原子,共用一对电子,这就构成了共价键。
Sharing of electrons.
是共用电子。
And then 1/2 of the number of shared electrons.
然后再减去共用电子的个数的一半。
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