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When it comes to differences of human rights and religious practices, so Claims and Conflict, people in different disciplines say "We need stronger laws, we need this, we need that."
当说到人权问题和宗教实践,在各国的不同时，也就是所谓的“冲突中的观点“,持有不同观点的人都会说,“我们需要更完备的法律，需要这个，需要那个“
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and so I grew up, sort of very, very aware of international cultures or thinking about them as much as I could.
所以，在这样一种环境中成长，我一直对各国的文化很感兴趣，也总会思考一些这方面的事。
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It's a story of a man who travels around, giving speeches,sometimes talking to people or teaching.
这是关于一个人周游各国，演讲布道，有时候对人们对话授课。
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The U.S. Is actually an important country for regulation because it has been a model for much of the regulations around the world.
在监管方面,美国确实是一个重要的国家,美国的监管制度已成为各国的模板
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And,of course,the challenge -- so this is the latter part of the course-- is what do you do with this and Europe?
当然,质疑是,这部分会在日后课程提到,即该如何处理这和欧洲各国的关系
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So we need something more and the kind of things we can see more: we can think about contracts; we can think about treaties between countries; we can think about regulation.
我们需要跳出这个思维定势,我们可以考虑制定协约,我们可以考虑各国之间签订协约,我们可以考虑制定规章制度
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The history of the military in the United States and other countries includes a lot of attempts to get animals like pigeons or dolphins to do interesting and deadly things through various training.
各国在其军事史中,都有试图通过训练鸽子海豚等动物,去完成各种高难而致命任务的尝试。
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And that's sort of where southeast Asian interests get expressed and in terms of posibility of boarder economic integration in Asia... ? Can Asia emulate what has happened in it itself ? Can there be Asian common market?
这样东南亚各国,才能保证自身利益,同时才有可能,实现亚洲经济更高程度的融合。,亚洲各国能超越从前吗,亚洲统一市场能实现吗？
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There were no reported cases after that, and so by the late '70s, the world was certified sort of free of smallpox worldwide.
在那之后就再也没有过报告,到七十年代晚些时候,已经确认世界各国都摆脱了天花
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It seems to me to be evident that whatever it's other characteristics, the West has created institutions of government and law that provide unprecedented freedom for its people.
在我看来,很显然,就算各国国情千秋百态,但西方建立的政府机构与设立的法律制度,都给与其治下的公民史无前例的自由
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and at a time of popular insurrections in all sorts of countries.
在那个年代,欧洲各国都民怨沸腾,起义不止
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And I think that since this country started out with people coming over from different countries
我想既然这个国家一开始就有来自世界各国的人，
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The governments around the world are expressing interest in this new emerging field.
各国政府都对这一新领域表现出兴趣。
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I was part of a huge conference last summer in West Africa on the end of the slave-trade in Ghana, and we had representatives we had people participating in that conference from 15 or 16 different African countries.
我去年夏天曾参加过西非的一个大型集会,纪念是加纳奴隶交易的结束,会议上有来自各国的代表,有15或16个非洲国家的代表,参与的这次大型会议
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and a lot of the framework of the international conventions that have come down is,
还有各国达成的一系列国际协议的框架，
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and it's all about the security situation in the world right now between states,
它是一门关于当下各国之间安全局势的课程。
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And around the ice skating rink, they have flags of all the different countries
在溜冰场周围，展示着各国的旗帜
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It was an international convention that gave, what they called, risk-based capital requirements and recommended risk-based capital requirements to bank regulators around the world.
巴塞尔协议是一个国际公约,它制定了,风险资本要求,并且向各国的银行监管者,推荐风险资本要求
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It's an international effort to recommend regulations for countries all over the world.
向世界各国推行监管制度,是个全球性的努力目标
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And, so, you can see how this would have an impact on every country, on the United States--those of you who've taken American history, this sort of view that immigrants were increasingly bringing socialism and anarchism to the United States.
由此我们能看出巴黎公社对世界各国,对美国的影响,那些学过美国历史的人懂的,移民们越来越多,在美国宣扬社会主义和无政府主义
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It becomes this economic dynamo because of that, and thus traders are to be found everywhere.
由于运河的开凿,使得这里成为欧洲经济的发动机,各国的商贩在这随处可见
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This has happened so many times in history that governments around the world now regulate banks and tell them that they have to hold a minimum amount of reserves and have a minimum amount of capital.
这在历史上已经发生多次了,如今,各国政府都在进行银行监管,并且告诉他们,他们必须留存最小金额的准备金,以及最小金额的资本金
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So, the size of the armies for these megalomaniac wars, these dynastic wars between Austria and France and then they changed partners in 1756, and all of this business.
随着战争的规模也日益增大,各国争相扩军,例如法国与奥地利之间的王朝战争,这两个国家在1756年成为盟友,战争也随之结束了
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The goal was to stop stuff like this, to try to create a legal framework in which states could resolve their kind of differences without kind of butchering each other.
他这么做的目的就是为了终结这种战乱的状况,并且试图创建一个法律体系,各国可以通过这个体系,而不是相互残杀来解决分歧
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And to try to explain why it was that absolute rule came to europe at the time it did, one has to not only look at the particular structures of states, but one has to look at the overview and the sheer horror of it all.
要解释为什么绝对主义在这个时候遍行于欧洲,我们不仅要着眼于各国特有的社会结构,还要纵观全局,了解当时社会上的恐慌
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