But you can imagine the inability to do that in a big population study with thousands and thousands of subjects, so we have to rely on data like this.

但你们可以想象在一个大样本研究中,不可能对数以千计的研究对象做这种培训,所以我们需要依靠像这样的数据

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Roger Ibbotson took a look at a larger group of funds -3,500--funds over a ten-year period and found survivorship bias at 2.9% per year and backfill bias at 4.6% per year.

罗杰·伊博森研究了更大的样本组,3500支基金10年间的表现,算出其生存偏差是每年2.9%,回填偏差是每年4.6%

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选