I don't know. If you've ever seen a movie - well, there are lots of movies that do this; one of the first movies that did this was "Who Killed Roger Rabbit?"

我不知道，如果你们看过那部电影,当然，有很多电影都描写过这一点，其中一部较早的,电影表现了这一手法--《谁谋杀了兔子罗杰》

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Roger Ibbotson took a look at a larger group of funds -3,500--funds over a ten-year period and found survivorship bias at 2.9% per year and backfill bias at 4.6% per year.

罗杰·伊博森研究了更大的样本组,3500支基金10年间的表现,算出其生存偏差是每年2.9%,回填偏差是每年4.6%

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Another observation?Roger?

还有别的意见吗？，罗杰？

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

In the case of Burt Malkiel's data, more than 11% per year and in the case of Roger Ibbotson's data between 7% and 8% per year of those returns can be explained either by backfill bias or survivorship bias.

在伯特·麦基尔的数据中,超过11%的年平均收益,在罗杰·伊博森的数据中,7%到8%的年平均收益,可以用生存偏差或回填偏差来解释

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Anything else? Roger?

还有什么，罗杰？

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选