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She writes, Woman's being created last will not be a very great argument to debase the dignity of the female sex.
她写道，女性被后造出来并不能,为压制女性尊严做论证。
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And I am able to vary the voltage on the plates making this for argument's sake negative and this for argument's sake positive.
我可以改变两个板子上的电压,为了论证，这个是负电,这个是正电。
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And they go through these arguments, and they find venture money to fund the company, and they get very famous people to endorse them, etcetera.
然后他们就这些论证展开讨论，找风险投资,来资助其公司，还找著名人士,来支持他们，等等等等。
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And it will, at least, be worth pausing periodically to ask ourselves, maybe Plato realized it wasn't a very good argument.
但至少,它值得我们偶尔停下来,琢磨一下,也许柏拉图也意识到这不是一个好论证
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So, someone had the idea of going beyond the intuitive notion that Aristotle mentioned and moving to something that is calculable.
就是说有人,超越了亚里士多德,将这种观点提升至可计算论证的层次
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In particular, we just argued that if everyone in the room chose a 100, then 67 would be a winning strategy.
准确的说,我们仅仅论证了,如果教室里每个人都选择100,那选择67会获胜
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If you did that, on some level, I think, you were absolutely right, even though you were utterly misconstruing the logic of the argument.
如果你那么做了，我认为在某种程度上你们是绝对正确的,即使你们完全理解错了这论证里面的逻辑。
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After all, this argument really did show the immortality of the soul, why would he need to offer a further argument?
毕竟如果这个论证真正的,解释了灵魂的不朽，他为何还要提出进一步的论证呢？
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Our question is not was Plato overlooking something he should have thought of, is does this argument work or not.
我们的问题不是柏拉图忽略了,一些他本该想到的事情，而是这个论证说不说得通。
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The great philosophers had arguments that they were putting forward to try to persuade us of the truths of their positions.
这些伟大的哲学家们做出了论证,来使我们相信,他们观点的正确性
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Now, let's say, I'm not really much concerned with whether this was an argument that Plato thought worked or not.
我其实并不太关心,柏拉图本人认为,这个论证是否说得通
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But even if they are good criticisms, I want to say that's not good enough to help you argument, Socrates.
但即使是好的，我想说，苏格拉底,那也不足以帮你论证。
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He wrote a long and detailed history of Britain, attempting to create the meaning of that little island that he always assumed was God's chosen nation.
他写了一部长而具体的英国史，试图论证这座小岛的重大意义,他一直相信英国是上帝所选的国度。
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It's probably also worth underlining the fact that what I've really been doing is running through a series of arguments.
为这样的事实打下基础也是很有价值的,我正在做的,是将一系列的论证串联起来
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For any one of those, we could again run an argument where we say, "Look, here is something that needs explaining.
对于以上任意一个,我们都能再次提出一个论证,看啊,这里有某个东西需要解释
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The soul, we now say, based on the argument from recollection, the soul is one of our prior parts.
我们现在讲灵魂,在源于记忆的论证的基础上，灵魂是我们之前的一部分。
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All right. We've been talking about arguments that might give us reason to believe in the existence of an immaterial soul.
我们已经讨论了,那些让我们相信,灵魂存在的论证
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Well, I'm not going to follow the details of this argument, but the basic idea goes back to Descartes.
我不打算对这个论证进行详细讨论,只是说一下笛卡尔的基本思想
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You might put it this way as sort of the easiest version of this kind of argument, for our purposes.
你也可以把它当作,这种论证的最简解释方式,以便于理解
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And the family of arguments that we're considering initially are arguments that get known as inference or inferences to the best explanation.
我们首先会想到的一类,则是那种,被称作推理的论证,或叫做,最佳解释推理
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The kinds of arguments we have been considering so far all fall under the general rubric of "Inference to the best explanation."
目前为止 我们讨论的这些论证,都是在 "最佳解释推理",这个一般准则下进行的的
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Thirteen: "He would work through arguments right in front of us, " which then helped me work through them on my own."
十三：，“他能在我们面前论证论点，这样帮助了我自己对它们进行论证“
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And if that's true, then of course, we no longer have an argument for the indestructibility or nearly indestructibility of the soul.
而如果那是对的，当然我们就,不能再论证灵魂的不可摧毁性,或者几乎不可摧毁性。
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I'm going to actually pause, periodically look at my notes and make sure I'm remembering how I think Plato understands the arguments.
我会时不时停下来,看看我的笔记,以确保,我记得我自己对柏拉图论证的理解
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But still, let me quickly point out why you could resist the argument from free will to the existence of a soul.
但我还是要简短地指出,为什么你们会拒不认同,从自由意志的角度来论证灵魂的存在
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And so sometimes we'll find ourselves thinking, "You know, there's an argument here that Socrates is putting forward.
所以有时候我们会这样想,看,这里有一个论证,是由苏格拉底提出的
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Perhaps the argument shouldn't be, "We have to believe in souls because no mere physical object could reason."
也许论证不应该是,我们必须相信灵魂,因为所有的物理对象都不能推理
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And when I review these various arguments, I come away thinking the better explanation falls with the physicalist.
所以当我考察各种论证时,我不会说最佳解释肯定是,物理主义的
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So perhaps the argument should go "Yeah, yeah, thinking, that's the sort of thing a machine can do.
所以,或许这个论证应该这样表达,对,思考,机器可以思考
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The purpose of that dialogue, of that philosophical work, is to argue for the immortality of the soul.
该哲学著作中,所有对话的目的,是要论证灵魂不朽
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