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Let me start by--the way-- the kind of institution that you probably know relatively little about -or commercial real estate.
首先我要,讲一种,你们不太熟悉的金融机构,或者叫商业地产
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that could do anything from consulting to banking to finance to recruitment agencies.
从咨询到银行业，到金融，到招聘中介机构，各行各业都有。
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Those are institutions that arrange for or manage the buying and selling of financial assets, such as the New York Stock Exchange.
经纪机构是指那些安排或,管理买卖的,金融资产的机构,比如说纽约股票交易所
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In this case, we have an example that even markets, human institutions as they are messed up right?
在这种情况下，我们有一个例子即使在市场经济中，他们也是人为的金融机构也会出错,是这样吗？
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It wasn't just a profitable financial institution.
奴隶制已经不仅是个盈利的金融机构了
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There was sort of an economic takeoff in the 1850s and '60s in Paris because the State banks are in Paris, the State financial institutions are in Paris, and they can make or break investment in all these places.
在十九世纪五十至六十年代的巴黎,有了一次经济的腾飞,因为国家银行设在了巴黎,国家金融机构在巴黎,这些机构可以设立或取消全国的投资
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Also, I mean, kind of independently or complimentarily as a corollary to that--to free up the financial system and to help financial institutions.
同时，我认为，似乎是一种独立地或者可以夸耀的,必然结果-解放金融体系,并且帮助金融机构。
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When you look at the returns for institutions, you see exactly what it is that you'd expect.
当你看到金融机构的投资回报率时,你看到的就是你所期望的
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If you look at number of organizations that do this business, it comes completely reversed and it's credit unions that are the most important.
从这些金融机构的数量上来看,排行完全相反,信用合作社就成了最重要的
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The history of financial innovation is always that the organizations adapt to crisis.
历史上的金融创新基本上都是,组织机构对危机的一种适应
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The division is what hampered regulators from dealing with the financial subprime crisis.
监管机构正是用来约束那些调控者,以防其与金融次贷有染的。
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It's exposing defects in many of our biggest financial institutions and every day we see more news about failures, huge losses, resignations, or firings of top finance people.
这次金融危机暴露了,很多大型金融机构存在的问题,每天我们都看到很多关于,破产,巨额亏损,或者金融业高层,辞职或被炒鱿鱼的新闻
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It's kind of my contention that it's actually hurting financial institutions.
在我看来,这其实是在伤害金融机构。
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An investment bank is a different kind of bank.
投资银行是有别于一般银行的金融机构
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It's getting better year by year and the course of finance over your lifetime will be dramatic, so the financial institutions that we have ten years from now will look very different from the ones we have now.
年复一年,金融技术越来越出色,而在你们的有生之年,金融学的课题,都将引人注目,正因为此,和今天的金融机构相比,十年后的金融机构,会有着巨大的差距
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The Securities and Exchange Commission, from the beginning, had it as its mission to make financial markets work properly; that is a wonderful story.
从成立那天起,证券交易委员会,就肩负着确保金融市场良好运作的使命,这是个利民的机构
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Of course, other stocks are held by institutions on their behalf, but in terms of direct ownership, homes are the main thing that people own.
当然,他们还通过金融机构,间接持有股票,但从直接持有的角度来看,人们拥有的主要财产就是住宅
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I'm going to start out by talking about commercial real estate and the kind of vehicles that we use to invest in commercial real estate.
接着我会讲一下商业地产,以及投资于商业地产的,一类金融机构
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It's very important and it has some important financial there are a lot of financial institutions built around dealing with the fundamental problems of real estate.
这一点非常重要,一些重要的金融...,很多金融机构就是为解决,房地产行业的基本需求而设立的
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Today's lecture is about portfolio diversification and about supporting financial institutions, notably mutual funds.
今天这堂课的内容是投资组合多样化,以及辅助性金融机构，特别是共同基金。
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Well, why not state chartered banks or why not credit unions or other things?
政府为什么不出租银行,为什么不出租信用社或者其他金融机构？
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If you look at John Geanakoplos's course on Financial Theory, his mathematical concepts are central to his outline of the course; but this being a Financial Markets course, I'm dividing it up more in terms of markets and institutions.
如果你们听约翰·吉纳科普洛斯的,金融理论课,他的大纲中心部分,是金融学中的数学概念,而我们这是金融市场课,于是我从金融市场和,金融机构的角度来划分这一课
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The optimistic thing is I think that we have a very good Fed chairman and we have coordinated efforts by central banks around the world and we're doing things that are attempts to prevent the collapse of the financial institutions.
积极的方面在于,我认为我们有一个很优秀的美联储主席,并且我们有世界各地的中央银行,协调的努力,而且我们正做着试图,阻止金融机构崩溃的事情。
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Instead it deals with financial institutions and it gets involved in underwriting securities for financial institutions.
投资银行的业务对象是金融机构,业务涉及,金融机构的证券包销
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But then you come to the third part of this sort of triangular absurdity, and what you get to is big financial institutions with extremely well-paid individuals, in the presumably pure free market.
接着您提到了第三方,在这个怪诞的迷局中，您提到的是,大的金融机构,他们员工本身收入极高，在人们都认为,的纯市场经济机制下。
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The problem with finance is that it's a beautiful -financial institutions are beautiful structures but they only are as good as the people who use them.
金融业的问题是...,金融机构的结构十分巧妙,但它们的优劣取决于从业人员
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They understand something about human nature and how human nature interacts with our institutions.
他们深谙人性,明白我们的金融机构如何与之互动
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The Fed has never given loans to anyone other than a depository institution that is a bank until last month, except they did so in the Depression.
上个月，联邦政府已经开始限制贷款业务,除了银行以外的其他金融机构,休想再放出一分钱的贷款，也就是在萧条时政府才会这么做。
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Then I will move to portfolio diversification and supporting financial institutions.
再之后我会讲讲投资组合的多元化,和辅助的金融机构
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The institution of insurance is something that really came in--it's one of the earliest-- I consider it a division of finance-- really came in the 1600s when probability theory was invented.
保险机构的出现,我认为这是金融业中,最早的分支之一,大约在17世纪,概率论刚刚诞生
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