• The researchers say the bacteria were grouped together in a thin, but sticky area of cells on the inside of showerheads.

    VOA: special.2009.10.13

  • So now, the enzyme is locked up with being built, and the penicillin has effectively killed the bacteria.

    所以这是我第一次感受到,我想在单个原子的层面上思考这些分子,所以这时我的专业转到了化学方向。

    麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

  • Remember that these cells are relatively large compared to bacteria and so diffusion doesn't occur very quickly over this length scale.

    要知道这些细胞相对细菌而言,还是比较大的,扩散作用在这种尺度上,发生得不是那么快

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • If it is compromised, then the bees could not defend themselves against pesticides or fungal infections or bacteria or poor nutrition.

    VOA: special.2009.09.15

  • So look, why am I justified in believing in germs, various kinds of viruses that I can't see, or bacteria or what have you, that I can't see?

    所以,我为什么相信微生物,相信各种肉眼无法看到的病毒,细菌等诸如此类我看不到的东西确实存在

    耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

  • If it is compromised,then the bees could not defend themselves against pesticide products, fungal infections, bacteria or poor nutrition.

    VOA: special.2009.09.22

  • When they do that they can actually engulf the bacteria in a process called phagocytosis and break them down into antigens.

    免疫细胞确实是将细菌整个吞进了肚内,这一过程称为吞噬作用,并将细菌分解成小抗原

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • Those bacteria can increase the chances of a heart attack or stroke and worsen the effects of other diseases.

    VOA: special.2009.03.11

  • So, not just a spectrum of viruses, but there's viruses and bacteria and parasites and other microorganisms that can cause disease.

    所以,不是只有病毒,还有病毒,细菌,寄生虫,和其它各种微生物都能导致疾病

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • The Royal Swedish Academy says the DNA in cells contains the designs for how people, plants and bacteria look and operate.

    VOA: special.2009.12.08

  • So, you're familiar with some of these bacteria like salmonella, or the micro bacterium that causes tuberculosis are shown here.

    所以 你们很熟悉像沙门氏菌这样的细菌,或者像这儿的引起结核的小细菌

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • It belongs to the same family of bacteria as those that cause tuberculosis and Hansen's disease, also known as leprosy.

    VOA: special.2009.04.06

  • So, I have a bacteria infection, stimulates my immune system, I start making antibodies that bind to an antigen specific to that bacteria.

    所以 如果我被细菌感染了,我的免疫系统被激活,开始制造抗体,这些抗体结合到细菌特异性的抗原上

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • Doctor Ruhli says researchers used this method to study changes in the tuberculosis bacteria from two thousand year-old mummified tissue.

    VOA: special.2010.06.29

  • Because bacteria are outside of cells and when antibodies bind to them they can neutralize them.

    因为细菌生存在细胞外,抗体结合细菌并中和掉它们

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • They can even be deadly. Infections of the gums and teeth can release bacteria into the blood system.

    VOA: special.2009.03.11

  • That's shown in this diagram as little colonies of bacteria that are growing on a plate.

    图示上显示的是生长在培养基上的,一些菌落

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • He says normally a protein in healthy immune cells causes the cells to die after they attack an invading virus or bacteria.

    VOA: special.2010.05.19

  • The study of immunology is the study of mechanisms that your body uses to protect itself from mainly from foreign pathogens like viruses and bacteria.

    免疫学研究身体,采用何种机制来保护自身,免受外源病原体如病毒和细菌的伤害

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • Untreated patients can spread the bacteria from their nose and mouth through the air to people who are near them a lot.

    VOA: special.2009.10.14

  • The innate immune system composed of neutrophils and macrophages; these are cells that are crawling around your body all the time ready to eat bacteria.

    它由嗜中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞构成,这些细胞不断在周身蠕行,准备吞噬细菌

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • They hope that future synthetic cells can make useful bacteria for products like bio-fuels or vaccines, and to clean up polluted water.

    VOA: special.2010.07.20

  • Why don't bacteria need a distinct nucleus and that's necessary in a human cell?

    为什么细菌不需要单独的细胞核,而对人类细胞则为必需

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • Dr.Emily Sydnor says the automatic faucets contain more parts, so there are more areas where bacteria could grow.

    VOA: special.2011.04.06

  • Won't help me against other bacteria, but only against the one that I've got.

    但对其他细菌却不起作用,只能抵抗我感染到的这种细菌

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • Makers of the devices say they kill bacteria and viruses because they help to remove the wetness that germs need to survive.

    VOA: special.2009.07.14

  • What else is different about human cells and bacteria other than these formed organelles?

    除了细胞器以外,二者还有什么不同

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • Studies have discovered evidence of harmful bacteria in toilets,on surfaces where food is prepared, even on home telephones.

    VOA: special.2009.10.13

  • Antibiotics are chemicals, usually small organic molecules that will kill micro-organisms like bacteria.

    抗生素是一类化学物质,它们通常是小分子有机物,能够杀死细菌这样的微生物

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

  • One way is to allow these bacteria to grow on a plate that is loaded with antibiotics like Ampicillin.

    一种方法,是让这些细菌,在有大量抗生素如氨苄青霉素,的培养基上生长

    耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

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