When Chess folded in 1975, Koko went on to record nine albums with Alligator Records, eight of them nominated for Grammy Awards.
VOA: standard.2009.06.18
So, that was more like solving chess puzzles, and I couldn't have seen a career on that.
所以这一切更像是解一个棋局,我原来从不认为哲学可以成为一种职业。
It's a puzzle, but it has for its delight a kind of solitary quality, both of the composer and of the solver of the chess problem.
它是一个谜语,却具有某种令人愉快的自我的特性,不论是设题的人还是解题的人都能感知到。
In the current world champion of chess, I think Vladimir Kramnik, was defeated in December by a chess-playing program.
当前的国际象棋世界冠军,弗拉基米尔?克拉姆尼克,就在今年12月被一个国际象棋程序击败
So the inventor of the chess game-- he was in India, and went to the local king.
象棋游戏的发明人-,他在印度,去见当地的国王。
He loved to play chess and he loved to play billiards.
他喜欢下棋,打桌球
We know, for instance, machines can play chess.
例如,我们知道机器可以下国际象棋
Tipping my hand, it seems pretty clear that that seems like the right thing to say about these chess-playing programs.
我先亮出我自己的观点,显而易见,这个问题正好能够,对国际象棋程序做出解释
There was a period of time in which, although there were decent, chess-playing programs couldn't beat the best chess-playing humans.
尽管曾一度出现过,强劲的象棋程序,无法战胜顶级人类棋手的情形
For the simple reason that the number of possible chess games is so huge, that computers can't calculate it.
原因很简单,棋局的潜在变数相当之大,以至于计算机根本无法将其完全计算出来
Any genuinely new trend is a knight's move. I just remind you, in chess the knight doesn't move in a straight line.
所以,任何新趋势都是迂回前进,我只是提醒大家一下,在国际象棋中马是不走直线的。
The king was very impressed with the game and said, "How can I reward you?" And the chess player said, " "No, it' OK really."
国王很喜欢这个游戏并说,“我要如何奖赏你?“,象棋发明者说,“不必,真得不用奖赏“
So the inventor of the chess game said, "Ok. What I like is on the first block, first square, I would like one grain of rice.
于是象棋发明者说,“好吧,我希望,在第一个方格上,我想要一粒大米。
Not just in sort of mathematical things like chess or math, there are, as you know, programs that can write music.
不止是下棋或数学这类跟数理有关的事,你知道,有些程序甚至能创作音乐
It looks as though the natural thing to say about the chess-playing computer is, it does have beliefs. It does have desires.
这看起来好像是一件自然的事情,说象棋程序,有自己的信念 有欲望
Now, I think it is plausible to suggest that unlike the case of chess-playing computers, we don't yet have machines that feel things.
现在,我想我们有理由认为,与象棋计算机的例子不同,我们现在还没有能感觉事物的机器
On my computer at home I've got a program that allows my computer to play chess.
在我家里的电脑里有一个,玩国际象棋的程序
Remember, it's not as though the people who designed the chess-playing programs can beat it.
记住,那些设计象棋程序的人,貌似也下不过他们的象棋程序
Treat the computer as though it were just a great chess player.
将计算机视为一名象棋健将
And indeed, the best programs are great chess players.
事实上,最棒的象棋程序已经是老辣的棋手
Perhaps no chess game before had had this move.
这也许是象棋史上前所未有的一步棋
If what we mean is the mental, but that the aspect, the behavioral aspect of the mental, where even a chess-playing computer probably has it, then that's not a very compelling argument.
如果我们说的是精神的某个方面,即精神的表现面,是一个甚至连象棋程序都可能拥有的方面,那这就不是一个令人信服的论点
Not everybody in this room can play chess.
在座各位并不都会下国际象棋
These are setups of pieces on the chess board that have particular solutions. And they're very complex, and they have a kind of aesthetic form to them.
象棋有些设置是有专门的,解决方法的,很复杂,它们有一种美学在里面。
You get excited when you're playing chess at the prospect of capturing my queen and crushing me.
在玩象棋的时候,你因为希望,吃掉我的皇后下赢我而感到兴奋
And indeed, when they program these things, the programmers will feed in game after game after game of the great chess games in history.
的确,当人们编写游戏程序时,会在这些程序中,一局接一局地,输入历史上那些最伟大的棋局
This is just a matter of beliefs, goals, responses, planning, the sort of thing that we already saw the chess-playing computer can do, that behavioral side of emotion.
信念,目标,对策,规划,诸如此类,象棋计算机已经能够做到,这些情感的行为方面
The chess-playing program makes moves these guys haven't thought of.
象棋程序的走法,是这些程序员也未曾想到过的
That is not the way chess-playing programs work.
但国际象棋的程序并不是这样工作的
If you have a computer that plays chess and you want to explain how the computer plays chess, it's impossible to do so without talking about the programs and mechanisms inside the computer.
如果你有一台能下国际象棋的计算机,你想要解释计算机是如何下国际象棋的,如果你不谈程序以及计算机的内部结构,那你就不能对它如何下国际象棋,给出解释。
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