"I think the larger issue is the psychological torment; animals isolated, kept away from others who can give them companionship, fearing what's going to happen next, and animals living in this constant state of confinement."

VOA: standard.2010.02.16

If you have a quantity which is constant over any closed path, that quantity is a thermodynamics state function.

如果有一个物理量,对任何闭合回路积分是常数，这个物理量就是一个热力学态函数。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And the equation of state, pressure versus volume at constant temperature, is going to have some form, let's just draw it in there like that.

系统的态函数，恒温下压强比体积，变化曲线，就像这样。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And when we make these comparisons, one thing I want to point out is that we need to keep the constant principle quantum number constant, so we're talking about a certain state, so we could talk about the n equals 2 state, or the n equals 3 state.

当我们做这些比较时，我想指出的一件事是,我们需要保持常量原则,保持量子数是常数，所以我们在讨论一个确定的态时，我们可以谈论n等于2的态，或者n等于3的态。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

It's a state function, so we're at constant temperature and pressure, and now we want to consider some chemical change or a phase transition or you name it.

这就是态函数，我们处于恒定的温度和压强之下，然后考虑某些化学变化或者相变,或者你想考虑的东西。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

You know how pressure changes with temperature at constant volume if you know the equation of state.

如果你知道状态方程,知道在体积恒定的时压强如何随着温度变化。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

State one goes to state two. Let's have constant T.

在恒定的温度下。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Anybody have an idea? What's the one function of state? I'm the system, the rest are the surrounding. What's the one function of state that's constant when I'm doing all my chemical reactions to move my arms around?

态函数又是什么呢？,我是一个系统，其余的是周围的环境,那么当我在做所有的化学反应,去四处移动我的手臂的时候,什么量是常数？

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选