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Mister Schroeder believes the enzymes could be changed in some plants to increase their ability to store water.
VOA: special.2010.01.26
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They often involve networks of reactions, not just one enzyme but a series of enzymes that serve to amplify each other.
这些反应通常包括一个反应网络,不只是一种酶,而是一系列的酶来进行级联放大
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These are molecules that exist naturally in cell membranes and are activated by certain enzymes and kinases generated by receptors.
这些分子存在于细胞膜表面,能被受体激活的某种酶或激酶所活化
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The proteins are enzymes called carbonic anhydrases.
VOA: special.2010.01.26
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There's a way to actually grind down and prepare the flour, so that you promote the enzymes within the plant to breakdown the cyanide precursors.
有一种方法是将它们磨碎，做成粉，这样就可以促进它们本身带有,酶将氰化物的前驱体分解掉。
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Drayna says therapies to replace enzymes that cause the diseases have been developed to treat half a dozen of these metabolic disorders.
VOA: standard.2010.02.11
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Enzymes, thyroid, etc., the abs, the serotonin, you can pick some part of the body.
比如,酶,甲状腺素等等,还有生物素,血清素,你也可以选择身体的某一部位来写
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Only cells in your brain make the enzymes that produce certain neuron transmitters that are responsible for brain function.
只有脑细胞产生,促进神经传导的相关酶,由此维持大脑功能
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That doesn't heal naturally but can be reformed by other enzymes called ligases, ligases re-established the phosphate bonds.
这不能恢复如初,但用连接酶可以做到这一点,连接酶能重建磷酸键
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That's an example of symmetric sequence and it happens that most restriction enzymes also recognize those spaces.
这是一个对称序列的例子,大多数限制性内切酶都能识别这些序列
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Cutting involves enzymes called restriction endonucleases or restriction enzymes, which I've already mentioned and they have names.
切割用到的酶叫限制性核酸内切酶,或限制性内切酶,我已经提到过了,而且它们都有名字
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This is - there are also other receptors that are linked to other enzymes besides kinases.
除了激酶以外,还有很多其他的受体,与酶相偶联
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Because that's the temperature at which many of the molecules in our bodies operate at their most efficient, and enzymes is the best example of that.
因为在正常体温下,体内许多分子活性最高,酶就是其中最好的例子
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They do that in a very special way in that they - restriction enzymes are able to identify a particular sequence of bases in a gene.
限制性内切酶的工作机制很特别,它能识别基因中的一段特定的碱基序列
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There are whole catalogs that you go to and buy restriction enzymes.
我们已经可以从整本的目录上,挑选购买限制性内切酶
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This takes advantage of the very specific properties of restriction enzymes.
这利用了限制酶的独特性质
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That cutting is done by special proteins called restriction enzymes.
切割是由一种特别的蛋白质完成的,称为限制性内切酶
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Enzymes work best, enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions and our bodies operate by elaborate networks of chemical reactions, When we're off from that temperature then they don't work properly.
举酶这个例子再好不过,酶是一种具有催化作用的蛋白质,人体依靠精密复杂的化学反应网络来运转,如果我们体温与之相差较大,这些酶就不能正常工作
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What are the properties of this restriction enzymes?
这种限制性内切酶的特性是什么
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One way that you could switch this on and off inside the cell is by taking off this phosphorous, proteins enzymes that do this opposite reaction, the opposite to kinases are called phosphokinases.
一种方法是通过去除磷酸基团,来改变细胞内蛋白的状态,催化添加磷酸基团,此逆反应的蛋白酶,能够催化逆反应的激酶叫做磷酸激酶
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There's whole families of restriction enzymes.
限制性内切酶是一个大家族
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It takes advantage of the specificity of the restriction enzymes, the fact that we know what the gene sequence that we're looking for, and using this technological process of electrophoresis to identify changes that we predict.
这个方法利用了限制酶特有的性质,我们知道我们在找什么样的基因序列,从而才能利用电泳这个技术流程,来识别出我们预计的情况
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Those changes usually involve enzymes.
这些变化通常需要酶的参与
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When it cuts it leaves sticky ends or un-base paired single stranded regions on each end of the part its cut and that's just a property of many restriction enzymes; not all, some cut blunt,just right down the middle.
它切割后会留下两个粘性末端,或者未配对的单链部分,这是许多限制性内切酶的特性,但不是全部,有些限制性内切酶是从中间钝切的
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Restriction enzymes have names, The names all look - they're all italicized and they're capital letters and small letters so that they won't be easy for you to understand, but they are - if you know the nomenclature, easy to understand.
限制性内切酶有自己的名字,名字看起来都很--,都是斜体的,大写小写字母混合,你们不太容易理解,但它们都是--如果你懂命名法,是很容易理解的
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If you have DNA fragments, so this is DNA that you've cut up into fragments using restriction enzymes for example.
如果你有DNA片段,例如有一段你用限制酶,切割成片段的DNA
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Now another property of restriction enzymes is that they always cut the DNA in the same way.
限制性内切酶的另一个特性是,总是以同样的方式切割DNA
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One of the enzymes that often gets activated is an enzyme which converts ATP, a small molecule that is inside all of our cells.
在经常被激活的酶中有一种酶,其功能是转化ATP,ATP是一种,存在于所有细胞中的小分子物质
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Restriction enzymes are just a kind of enzyme, enzymes are protein molecules that make a chemical reaction go faster, and the chemical reaction that restriction enzymes do is cutting DNA.
限制性内切酶是一种酶,而酶是加速化学反应的蛋白质分子,限制性内切酶加速的化学反应,是切割DNA
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This gives you a biological mechanism for cutting, using restriction enzymes, and then you denature so that it falls apart, and then you renature so that it comes back together.
这是一种切割DNA的生物机制,用限制性内切酶,改变DNA的性质让它打开,然后让它合起来恢复它的性质
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