This should make sense, because if an atom has a very high electron affinity, that means it's really happy taking an electron from another atom, or taking a free electron -- that that's very favorable.

这应该是合理的，因为如果一个原子有很高的电子亲和能，这意味着,它非常乐意从另外一个原子那里夺取一个电子，或者得到一个自由电子--这是非常利于发生的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

But we see if we have a free electron, as we do in this dotted line here, that's going to be a higher energy that's less stable.

但是我们看到如果,我们有一个自由电子，就像虚线所示那样，那将会是一个较高的,不够稳定的能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

It is a free electron so there is no potential energy to be accounted for.

对于自由电子,因此没有什么势能。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So, if we want to go from that stable state to that less stable state, we need to put in a certain amount of energy to our system, that difference between the free electron and the electron bound to the metal.

所以，如果我们想使电子,从稳态到达不够稳定的状态，我们需要引入一定数量的,能量到系统中，即自由电子和束缚于金属的,电子的能量差。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

This represents the free electron.

这就是自由电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So, if, for example, we were looking at a hydrogen atom in the case where we have the n equals 1 state, so the electron is in that ground state, the ionization energy, it makes sense, is going to be the difference between the ground state and the energy it takes to be a free electron.

电离氢原子所需要的能量,如果我们看n等于1的情况,电子在基态，那电离能，很合理的就是基态,和自由电子态的能量差。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And so the energy is zero because the electron is no longer bound. It is free.

所以这个系统能量为0，因为,电子不再受束缚了，它自由了。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选