And Jenner made the observation that others had made, that people that were around cows a lot tended not to get smallpox.

詹纳观察到的现象别人也曾观察到,就是经常接触奶牛的人不容易患天花

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

And he started with a similar but different observation, and that was that cows get a disease that's very similar to smallpox.

他首先观察到一种类似但不同的情况,就是牛得了一种很像天花的病

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Then you start to get lesions on your skin that are very characteristic of smallpox.

然后你的皮肤就会遭到损害,这就是天花的典型特征

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There are even some military personnel now who get immunized against smallpox in the event that when they're going into areas, they might be exposed when they're in combat areas.

现在有些军人甚至已经接种天花疫苗,以使他们在战场上,免受天花病毒的威胁

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

When you would take the fluid from the cow, and you would inject it underneath the skin of a person you wanted to protect, then at that site where you injected it, you would get a lesion that looked like a smallpox or cowpox lesion.

当你从奶牛上得到脓液,并把脓液注射到想受到保护的,人的皮肤下面,然后在你注射的地方,你会看到像天花或者牛痘一样的病变

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选