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One kind of question, then, I was raising is: what context do you use to read any novel?
我所提出的一类问题是：,你一般采用什么语境去理解小说？
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and I also studied the novel.
我也研究小说。
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But I will tell you, the students I had in that seminar did amazing things to push their choice of novel.
但我要告诉你们的是，那些研讨课的学生在推选小说时,有着令人惊喜的表现。
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But I have a favorite line in his novel called The Hamlet, where Faulkner has one of his characters say, and I quote: "Only thank God men have done learned how to forget quick what they ain't brave enough to cure."
但我最爱他在小说《村子》里的一句话,他笔下的一个角色说道,"感谢上帝,让人类学会了怎样,迅速的忘记那些我们没勇气面对的事"
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There is a wonderful novel that I would recommend to everyone that is watching this show.
我想向大家推荐一本精彩的小说,我想向大家推荐一本精彩的小说。
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I'm not really sure who said it but it's in a Lynda Barry novel called "Cruddy".
我并不确定是谁说的,不过确信这是在林达·巴里的小说《压花》里的话。
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And I think this is expressed in Hobbes' novel and in many ways altogether unprecedented teaching about liberty in chapter 21, a very famous and important chapter.
霍布斯的这一思想曾出现在他的小说中,以及本书第21章记载的,他在教学时对自由的见解中，本书第21章可是很有名且很重要的一章。
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There are more things, which I won't reveal, that happen at the end of the novel to do with this.
与此相关的还有其他的事，不过我现在不会和你们说，因为它们在小说的最后才会出现。
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And, for this, I'd like to look at the very end of the novel.
就这点，我们一起来看一下小说的结尾。
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Well, I guess it's the problem that people who teach the eighteenth-century novel always have, or the Victorian novel: the Victorian novel like the triple-decker, the three-volume novel.
好吧，我猜这个问题是,讲授十八世纪小说,或维多利亚时期小说的人经常遇到的：,像维多利亚时期的三层小说，三卷本小说。
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So, in that relation, I'd like you to think about the representation of America in the novel.
所以，我希望你们思考,这部小说里美国的表征。
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So, what I'm going to do is, I'm going to take that essay the product of censorship, the response to censorship and I'm going to use it to read back into the novel.
那么，我今天要做的就是通过这篇短文,这篇禁令下的产物和对禁令的回应,通过它去重新阅读这篇小说。
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Let me just also say there are a thousand things to talk about in this novel, so I hope you'll get to some of them in section. And if you want to write about this, it's a very rich novel for writing your papers.
我想说在这本书中有很多东西可以探讨,我希望你们能够在一些章节中想想,如果你想要写一些关于这方面的东西，这是一本很能够丰富你们文章的书。
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When I read this novel, I see a lot of dismembered body parts.
我读到了身体的部分，被肢解的身体。
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And I think the task of the novel is to fill that structure in.
我想这本书的任务,也就是将那种构架给填满。
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And for me it's fun because I may not know the novel that you end up picking, and so it is a kind of challenge for me to take a novel that you've chosen and come to grips with it myself It may be one that I know.
我也觉得很好玩,因为我可能不知道你们最后选择的小说，所以对我来说,认真对待你们选的一本书很有挑战性,可能是一本我知道的书。
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Now, I want to ask a question that we're going to need to think about, the two of you sitting up front here, when I was asking you how you responded to it. Can we have a moral response to this novel?
现在，我想要问你们一个我们将要思考的问题，就你们俩吧，坐在前面的，当我问你们如何回应,我们可以对这部小说有一个道德反思吗？
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There is a whole mystical objectification of these people that's going on, that's allied to the religious strains of this novel, which I'm going to pick up again a little bit later on in my lecture today.
在此有将这些人的神秘感对象化，客体化，这也为小说增添了一些宗教色彩,关于这一点我还会在今天课堂的后部分中提到。
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Yes. Okay. Sometimes I do get students who have just an image of this novel in their mind, or they read it when they were in high school and have a sort of irrational, passionate love for it.
好的，有时候我的确会有一些学生,他们脑子里有一个这部小说的形象，或者在高中里读过,对之有一股毫无理由的热爱。
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The short answer is that I think these writers best represent all the different threads, all the different forces in the American Novel Since 1945.
简单的回答是我觉得这些作家极洽当地,代表了1945年以来美国小说中的，各种主题和力量。
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And, I would submit to you that tears are just all over this novel.
我不清楚你们是否注意到了。
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And I want to suggest to you that part of the misogyny of the novel part of that misogyny is connected to this consumptive ethos.
我还要提醒你们小说里的厌女症部分,一部分的厌女症是和这种消耗性的气质相关联的。
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This is one question I want you to think about as you finish this novel.
这个问题我希望你们在读完小说之后思考。
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Now, on Monday you're going to hear about this novel's confrontation with the idea that art could be saving, that it could somehow be redemptive, but here I think is a hint that it's something that the novel simply laughs at hollowly.
星期一我们将会将到这部小说对,艺术已经被拯救，某种程度已经被救赎这个,观点的对质，但我想提示大家一下,那只是这部小说空洞嘲笑的观点。
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It is really going to give you a whole packaged reading of Franny and Zooey.We have just the one day on this novel, and what I'm going to be doing for you is modeling the way literary critics use evidence to advance an argument.
实际上，我从整体上全面的给你们讲解这部小说,关于这部小说我们只有一天的时间，我将要做的是为你们建立起,文学评论家使用例子来论证的模式。
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There is a little anecdote from that teach-in that I want to share with you that I think embodies some of the tensions in this novel.
关于那次讨论会我觉得没有什么好说的,能够体现出小说中的焦虑。
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Toni Morrison was speaking for black Southerners in that, I think, fantastic line in her novel Beloved which I know many of you've read because it's taught all the time but there's that marvelous little exchange at one point between Paul D and Sethe.
托尼.莫里森藉由她的小说《宠儿》中,用一句绝妙的句子表达了南方黑人的心声,我知道很多人都已经读过《宠儿》,因为这本书一直被当做教材,不过小说中男女主人公保罗和塞丝,有这么一小段触人心弦的对话
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I don't know what that dream we're going to dream together is when we read that novel. I don't know what that'll be.
我不知道当我们一起读那部小说的时候,我们将会一起做个什么样的梦，我不知道。
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Those are questions that are going to frame the two lectures that I give on this novel.
由这两个问题,我把这本书分两堂课来讲。
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And yet, you like him anyway, and I think that's the power of the novel, and that's why I think he's such a character.
但是，你还是会喜欢他，我想那就是这部小说的力量，那就是为什么我认为他是个很有趣的角色。
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