All right. So you can already begin to see a development in intellectual history that perhaps opens the way to a certain skepticism.

好，所以大家已经开始看到,人类思想史的一个发展,它很可能为某种怀疑主义开辟了道路。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

In other words, we said that in intellectual history, first you get this movement of concern about the distance between the perceiver and the perceived, a concern that gives rise to skepticism about whether we can know things as they really are.

换言之，我们曾说过在思想史上，首先你要知道,关注感知者和被感知者之间距离的运动，这种关注会让我们怀疑,自己是否弄清楚了事物的本来面目。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

And in many ways, we can understand human intellectual history just based on this idea: ? should we accept human nature?

在很多方面，我们能理解人类智力发展历史,仅仅基于这个观点：,应不应该接受人类本性？

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Their tensions with westernizers would last right through Russian intellectual history in the nineteenth century.

他们与西化派之间剑拔弩张的气氛,在俄国思想史上持续了整个十九世纪

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选