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When we have an isolated system, the criterion that determineswhether something happens spontaneously is the entropy has to increase.
对于孤立系统,决定一个过程是否自发发生的判据为：,熵必须增加。
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And just like we saw before for the case of entropy in an isolated system, now we have something we can calculate.
就像我们前面看到的,孤立系统的熵一样，现在我们有一些可以计算的东西。
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It's insulated. It's a closed system. In fact, it's an isolated system. There's no energy or matter that can go through that boundary.
系统指的，是盒子里的东西,它是封闭孤立的。
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OK, what we'll see shortly is that this will allow us to see that for an isolated system the entropy never decreases.
好，我们过一会,会看到,这将导致孤立系统的熵,永远不会减小。
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OK, that's our familiar isolated system.
好，这是我们的孤立体系。
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So first, let's start with the one that we already know, and make sure that it still works, starting from here, mainly our isolated system.
首先，我们从我们已知的一个例子入手，看看这个判据是否正确，从绝热系统出发。
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In other words, we need criteria for equilibrium under more general conditions than the ones that we've dealt with so far, than the one set of conditions that we've dealt with so far, which is isolated system.
换句话说,相比我们目前为止,考虑和处理的问题，我们需要更一般条件下平衡的判据,我们目前，只考虑了孤立系统。
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Change in entropy is greater than zero for an isolated system.
对孤立系统,熵的变化是大于零的。
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In fact, the thermos is an isolated system.
实际上它是个孤立系。
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The system can be an open system, or it can be a closed system, or it can be isolated.
系统可以是开系，可以是闭系，或是孤立系。
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Suppose we're looking at the system isolated from the outside world.
假设我们研究一个,与外部环境。
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