But it's a good story, Joule decided that there must be a direct relationship between work and heat.

所以说，这只是一个不错的故事而已，焦耳认为功和热之间,一定具有某种直接的联系。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

The relationship between heat and work was initially proposed in the 1940's by Joule.

热量和功的关系首先是,由焦耳在1940年提出的。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Real refrigerators actually work with liquids that go into gases so use the latent heat of the liquid, so it doesn't really work like the Joule-Thomson expansion. So this is real.

液体变成气体来工作,以运用液体的潜热，所以这不是,真正像焦耳-汤姆逊膨胀一样工作,这是真实的气体，不像焦耳。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

This one turns out to be the heat capacity, and this one turns out to be something that we measure in the Joule-free expansion.

其实，这就是热容，这是焦耳自由膨胀实验中,我们要测量的物理量。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Ordinary heat capacities are in Joule's per Kelvin mole, not kilojoules, right.

一般热容的单位是焦耳每摩,而不是千焦。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

We use a liquid helium. And so in order to make a liquid helium, you can't take helium at room temperature and do this, because if you did, you would just heat it up, because the room temperature is above the inversion temperature, so Joule-Thomson would heat up the helium.

为了得到液氦,不能再常温,做这个实验,否则就是加热氦气，因为室温高于它的转变温度,所以焦耳-汤姆孙，实验会加热氦气。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选