Using a hollow tube, they drill into the tree and extract a 5-mm wide cylinder that shows each ring starting with the most recent, just under the bark.
VOA: standard.2010.04.05
And to give you a size perspective, that is about the size of my pinky finger nail, 4 mm on the side.
这个芯片,有我的手指甲那么大,边长4毫米。
00 times electrode is only 1 mm long that penetrates just the most outer layers of the outer regions of your brain called into the distributable cortex.
00个这样的电极只有1毫米长,他们插进大脑最外层的区域的最外层,这个区域被称为分布皮层。
Before I talk, I just want to say one more thing about Modigliani-Miller and dividend--irrelevance of dividends.
在讲之前,我想再说一点,关于MM模型和股利无关性
A company, according to Modigliani and Miller, has to weigh their tax considerations against their bankruptcy costs and get an optimum debt-equity ratio out of that.
根据MM理论,一家公司,必须在租税考量与破产成本之间进行权衡,然后得出最有利的负债权益比
The simplest way to see Modigliani-Miller debt irrelevance is the following: a company--if you wanted to buy a company, you could buy only the shares, or equity.
理解MM负债不相关性的,最简单的方法是这样的,一家公司,如果你想买下一家公司,你可以通过股票,普通股来买
There's another Modigliani-Miller theorem about debt, which is about debt irrelevance as well.
关于负债还有另外一个MM定律,也是讲负债不相关性的
A lot I'm going to talk about is Modigliani-Miller but I'm not going to get too deep into it, maybe in your review sections you can get more technical.
我会重点谈论MM定理,但也不会过分深入,在复习阶段我可能会讲的更专业一些
I want then finally to talk about Modigliani-Miller and debt.
我想最后讲讲MM模型和债务的问题
It took decades for Modigliani-Miller to kind of sink in.
数十年后人们才理解了MM命题
We'll be talking about the Modigliani-Miller Theorem and related issues in this lecture as well as something about the behavior of the stock market and its tendency to go through dramatic movements.
我们会讲到,MM定理,和与其相关的问题,还会讲到,股市行为和,股市戏剧性的运动趋势
It is an insight that Modigliani and Miller are offering the corporations that I think they often don't see that the real issue in the dividend-- both the dividend and the debt policies-- are really taxes and nothing else.
这是MM法则给予公司的建议,但是他们常常看不到,股利政策中最重要的是,不管是在股利还是负债政策中,只有税负才是关键
According to Modigliani and Miller, if you add taxes to their debt irrelevance proposition, it means that companies will want to borrow a lot and the real advice they would be giving to Bill Gates is: what's the matter with you? Why aren't you borrowing money?
根据MM理论,如果在负债不相关理论中加入税负因素,就意味着公司愿意大量负债,他们会给比尔·盖茨一个建议,你脑子有问题吗,为什么不借钱
应用推荐