They are Venkatraman Ramakrishnan of the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology at Cambridge University in England, and Thomas Steitz of Yale University in New Haven,Connecticut.

VOA: special.2009.12.08

You go on and you study developmental biology or molecular biology, you'll learn more about these things.

如果你继续学习,发育生物学或者分子生物学,你就会了解更多这方面的知识

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This diagram at the top here is a very familiar one to most of you, it's sometimes called the central dogma of molecular biology.

顶部这个示意图,对大家来说都非常熟悉,这叫做分子生物学的中心法则

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All you have to do is mutate the DNA, which is very straightforward to do in molecular biology, and now you can tag absolutely any protein that you're interested in.

你所需要做的就是使DNA变异，这在分子生物学力是很容易做到的，你可以用它标记,任何你感兴趣的蛋白质。

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So maybe you could figure out how to use what we know about molecular biology, to engineer a new virus that's still immunogenic, but not pathogenic any longer.

也许你能指出如何使用,分子生物学的有关知识,来设计一个既能产生免疫性,但又不再有致病性的新病毒

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It's really been a powerful tool in molecular biology because I might have a very small copy of a gene that I'm interested in and I can make enough copies that I can start to do something else with it.

这确实是分子生物学的一项利器,因为我可能只有,很少量的感兴趣的基因拷贝,而我可以马上制造出足够数量的复制品,能使我用作其他用途

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If you can interfere with any stage in RNA processing you can stop a gene from being expressed and this is a very hot topic in molecular biology now and human therapeutics.

如果你能干扰RNA加工的任何一个阶段,你就能阻止一段基因的表达,这也是当今分子生物学,和新型疗法中非常热门的话题

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That's why molecular biology, one of the reasons why it's turned out to be such a powerful tool, because if you can think creatively you can find all different ways to using these very simple principles to recombine molecules, to make unique new DNA sequences.

这就是分子生物学,如此有用的原因之一,因为如果你有创造力,你可以用各种方法,运用这些简单的原理来重组分子,创造独特的DNA新序列

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