The substance produced by the pancreas normally lowers blood sugar during and after eating.

VOA: special.2010.01.13

A pancreas--cell in the pancreas, for example, needs to make insulin and so the gene for insulin is transcribed.

举个例子,一个胰腺细胞,要分泌胰岛素,那么编码胰岛素蛋白的基因就会被转录

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now another approach would be to take pieces of the pancreas that already have all that capability within them.

现在还有一种方法就是,取一部分健康人的胰脏,移植到糖尿病患者体内

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

He was not conscious. The bullet had damaged his stomach, pancreas,and one kidney.

VOA: special.2010.07.29

One needs a heart, one a lung, one a kidney, one a liver, and the fifth a pancreas.

分别需要心脏移植，肺移植，肾移植，肝移植，以及胰腺移植。

耶鲁公开课 - 公正课程节选

But in people with juvenile diabetes, the pancreas does not produce insulin and blood sugar levels can get dangerously high.

VOA: standard.2010.04.15

Individual cells of the pancreas are capable of - of a healthy pancreas are capable of both sensing glucose and secreting insulin.

每一个健康胰腺细胞,都可以感知血液中葡萄糖浓度,并分泌胰岛素

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The pancreas is an organ that in healthy people secretes insulin to convert glucose into energy.

VOA: standard.2010.04.15

When it does your pancreas receives a signal that your blood glucose has started to go up, and it will secrete insulin.

这时你的胰腺会收到信号,你的血糖水平开始升高了,它就会分泌胰岛素

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Dr.Damiano has partnered with scientists at Massachusetts General Hospital to develop a computer program designed to run a system they call an artificial endocrine pancreas.

VOA: standard.2010.04.15

So maybe - and here thinking about the pancreas has many functions but one of its important functions is to secrete insulin.

胰腺有很多的功能,其中最重要的功能之一,就是分泌胰岛素

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Researchers describe their artificial pancreas in this week's issue of the journal Science Translational Medicine.

VOA: standard.2010.04.15

So, there are cells in your pancreas which recognize glucose levels and they secrete insulin in response.

你的胰腺细胞能够,识别血糖水平,并分泌胰岛素作为反馈

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

With normal regulatory hurdles, Boston University's Edward Damiano estimates that it could be between five and seven years before an artificial endocrine pancreas is commercially available.

VOA: standard.2010.04.15

Well, insulin is a protein, it's produced by cells in the pancreas, it circulates in your blood.

胰岛素是一种蛋白质,由胰腺细胞分泌,随着血液不断在体内循环

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Daniel's pancreas was removed, but the cancer had already spread to his liver.

VOA: standard.2010.01.12

An example of that is, of course, insulin which is produced by cells of the pancreas and acts on cells all over the body.

这种信号传递的例子,就是胰脏细胞产生的胰岛素,作用于全身各处的细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Researchers ran trials of the software for the artificial pancreas with 11 diabetics.

VOA: standard.2010.04.15

Another hormone gets produced by the pancreas in response to low glucose levels, it's called glucagon.

胰腺产生另外一类激素,来应对血糖水平降低的情况,它叫做胰高血糖素

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The artificial pancreas kept glucose levels within the target range for six participants.

VOA: standard.2010.04.15

Then maybe those new cells you put in would function as a totally natural artificial pancreas.

那些新植入的细胞可能会起到,与健康个体的胰腺细胞相同的作用

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Before that, diabetics had been treated with insulin that came from a different source, usually from pigs, so by harvesting and purifying insulin from pig pancreas.

在此之前 糖尿病患者,所用的胰岛素来自于不同的来源,通常是从猪身上提取的,是从猪的胰腺中提取并纯化而成的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

But skin cells and brain cells and pancreas cells aren't doing the same things.

但皮肤细胞,脑细胞和胰腺细胞,却发挥着完全不同的作用

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Only cells in the pancreas, some cells in the pancreas are making insulin.

只有胰腺中的细胞,胰腺中的一些细胞分泌胰岛素

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Diabetics whose pancreas does not function properly, so don't make enough insulin, don't have enough insulin present for normal glucose metabolism so they can't handle sugars properly.

糖尿病人的胰脏功能失调,因此胰岛素分泌不足,影响了正常的血糖代谢,所以他们不能正常地调节血糖

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Two more--yeah-- artificial pancreas - now how are you thinking that might work?

再来两个,人造胰腺,你认为它是如何工作的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

To make insulin, for example, your cells of your pancreas have to be transcribing that gene, it has to be processed, has to be translated into the protein insulin.

举例来说,如果要合成胰岛素,你的胰腺细胞必须先转录那一段基因,然后进行加工,继而翻译成为胰岛素蛋白

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

How do cells in your brain know which proteins they ought to be making, and how do cells in the pancreas know which proteins they ought to be making?

你的脑细胞怎么知道,该生成哪些蛋白质呢,而你的胰腺细胞又是怎么知道,不该生成哪些蛋白质呢

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Why? Because brain cells and pancreas cells are expressing different proteins.

这是为什么呢,因为脑细胞,和胰腺细胞表达不同的蛋白

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Cells in your pancreas, for example, are making the protein insulin.

比如说可以产生胰岛素的,胰腺细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选